Akheratdoost Vahid, Panahi Negar, Safi Shahabeddin, Mojab Faraz, Akbari Ghasem
Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(6):725-732. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2024.74490.16179.
Obesity is a metabolic syndrome that leads to many chronic diseases worldwide. In this study, we investigate the antihyperlipidemic activities of chitosan nanoparticles (CH NPs) on silymarin (SIL) as a carrier in the drug delivery system that can improve some biochemical parameters and hormones in the model of hyperlipidemic rats receiving a high-fat diet (HFD).
Physicochemical characterization of silymarin-loaded chitosannanoparticles (CH-SIL NPs) was done by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and drug loading efficiency (LE). Diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats were treated with SIL (15 mg/kg/day) and CH-SIL NPs(15 mg/kg/day) for twelve weeks orally daily. The body weight loss (BW), food consumption, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) in serum, serum insulin, cortisol, testosterone, and brain neuropeptide Y (NPY), Y1 and Y5 receptor mRNA expression were analyzed.
A significant reduction in BW and food consumption from 417 ± 16 g and 33 ± 1.03 in group HFD to 338 ± 10 g and 17.33 ± 1.02 in group CHS+HFD was observed, respectively. This data revealed that CH-SIL NPs improved hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperglycemia, reduced serum cortisol, and down-regulated NPY and Y1R with a significant increase in HDL and testosterone hormones compared to the control group.
The developed Sil-loaded CH NPs were good agents for improving efficacy. It is the first report of the proposed weight loss mechanism of SIL CH NPs, thereby providing information about the anti-hyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic effects of silymarin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles, a natural food with proper effects against metabolic disorders in case of hyperlipidemia that may lead to obesity and up-regulation of brain NPY.
肥胖是一种代谢综合征，在全球范围内会引发多种慢性疾病。在本研究中，我们研究了壳聚糖纳米颗粒（CH NPs）作为水飞蓟素（SIL）载体在药物递送系统中的抗高血脂活性，该系统可改善高脂饮食（HFD）的高脂血症大鼠模型中的一些生化参数和激素水平。
通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、动态光散射（DLS）和载药效率（LE）对载水飞蓟素壳聚糖纳米颗粒（CH-SIL NPs）进行物理化学表征。饮食诱导的高脂血症大鼠每天口服给予水飞蓟素（15mg/kg/天）和CH-SIL NPs（15mg/kg/天），持续12周。分析体重减轻（BW）、食物消耗、血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、血清空腹血糖（FBG）水平、血清胰岛素、皮质醇、睾酮以及脑内神经肽Y（NPY）、Y1和Y5受体mRNA表达。
分别观察到HFD组的BW和食物消耗从417±16g和33±1.03显著降低至CHS+HFD组的338±10g和17.33±1.02。该数据表明，与对照组相比，CH-SIL NPs改善了高脂血症、高胰岛素血症和高血糖症，降低了血清皮质醇，并下调了NPY和Y1R，同时HDL和睾酮激素显著增加。
所制备的载水飞蓟素壳聚糖纳米颗粒是提高疗效的良好药物。这是关于水飞蓟素壳聚糖纳米颗粒减肥机制的首次报道，从而提供了有关载水飞蓟素壳聚糖纳米颗粒抗高血脂和抗高血糖作用的信息，这是一种对高脂血症可能导致的肥胖和脑内NPY上调等代谢紊乱具有适当作用的天然食物。
