Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Cardiometabolic Risk and Diabetes Research Group, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute and Internal Medicine Hospital Clinico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
J Hypertens. 2024 Jun 1;42(6):1094-1100. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003709. Epub 2024 Apr 22.
Heterogeneous are the results of the published studies aimed at determining the long-term effects of habitual coffee consumption on blood pressure (BP). Specifically, no data are available on the longitudinal association between habitual coffee consumption and office, home and 24 h BP profile and variability.
In 1408 subjects recruited in the Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni (PAMELA) study, followed for a 10 year follow-up period and classified as coffee consumers and nonconsumers (self-reporting), we prospectically investigated the association between habitual coffee consumption and office, home and 24-h ambulatory BP; 24-h BP variability; and development of a new hypertensive state. Data were also analysed according to gender.
When data were adjusted for confounders habitual coffee nonconsumers and consumers displayed similar long-term BP changes during the follow-up in office, home, and ambulatory BP. No difference was found between heavy and moderate coffee consumers. Furthermore, also new-onset hypertension and patterns of BP variability were superimposable in coffee nonconsumers and consumers, independently on confounders including gender, number, and characteristics of the antihypertensive drug treatment.
The present study, which is the first longitudinal investigation never performed examining in a prospective fashion the long-term (10 year) effects of coffee consumption on office, home, and ambulatory BP, provides conclusive evidence that habitual coffee consumption is associated with neutral effects on in-office and out-of-office BP values and related variabilities. This is the also the case for the new-onset hypertensive state.
已发表的研究旨在确定习惯性咖啡消费对血压（BP）的长期影响，其结果存在差异。具体来说，关于习惯性咖啡消费与办公、家庭和 24 小时 BP 谱和变异性之间的纵向关联，尚无数据。
在 Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni（PAMELA）研究中招募的 1408 名受试者中，我们进行了前瞻性研究，随访 10 年，根据习惯性咖啡消费（自我报告）将受试者分为咖啡消费者和非消费者。我们调查了习惯性咖啡消费与办公、家庭和 24 小时动态血压、24 小时血压变异性以及新发高血压状态之间的相关性；并根据性别对数据进行了分析。
在校正了混杂因素后，习惯性咖啡非消费者和消费者在随访期间的办公、家庭和动态血压的长期 BP 变化相似。重度和中度咖啡消费者之间没有差异。此外，在咖啡非消费者和消费者中，新发高血压和 BP 变异性模式也相似，独立于性别、降压药物治疗的数量和特征等混杂因素。
本研究首次进行了前瞻性研究，调查了习惯性咖啡消费对 10 年期间办公、家庭和动态 BP 的长期影响，提供了确凿的证据，表明习惯性咖啡消费与办公和非办公 BP 值及其相关变异性的中性影响相关。对于新发高血压状态也是如此。
