State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Jun;11(24):e2309725. doi: 10.1002/advs.202309725. Epub 2024 Apr 22.
The interplay between bacteria and their host influences the homeostasis of the human immune microenvironment, and this reciprocal interaction also affects the process of tissue damage repair. A variety of immunomodulatory commensal bacteria reside in the body, capable of delivering membrane vesicles (MVs) to host cells to regulate the local immune microenvironment. This research revealed, for the initial time, the significant enhancement of mucosal and cutaneous wound healing by MVs secreted by the human commensal Lactobacillus reuteri (RMVs) through modulation of the inflammatory environment in wound tissue. Local administration of RMVs reduces the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages in inflamed tissues and mitigates the level of local inflammation, thereby facilitating the healing of oral mucosa and cutaneous wounds. The elevated oxidative stress levels in activated pro-inflammatory macrophages can be modulated by RMVs, resulting in phenotypic transformation of macrophages. Furthermore, 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde present in RMVs can decrease the mitochondrial permeability of macrophages and stabilize the mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby promoting the conversion of macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. This study pioneers the significance of commensal bacterial MVs in tissue injury repair and presents a novel concept for the repair of tissue damage.
细菌与其宿主之间的相互作用影响着人体免疫微环境的稳态，这种相互作用也会影响组织损伤修复的过程。体内存在着多种具有免疫调节功能的共生菌，它们能够向宿主细胞分泌膜泡（MVs），以调节局部免疫微环境。本研究首次揭示了人类共生乳杆菌（RMVs）分泌的 MVs 通过调节组织炎症环境，显著增强了黏膜和皮肤伤口的愈合。RMVs 的局部给药减少了炎症组织中促炎巨噬细胞的比例，并减轻了局部炎症水平，从而促进了口腔黏膜和皮肤伤口的愈合。RMVs 可以调节活化的促炎巨噬细胞中升高的氧化应激水平，导致巨噬细胞表型转化。此外，RMVs 中的 3-羟基丙醛可以降低巨噬细胞的线粒体通透性并稳定线粒体膜电位，从而促进巨噬细胞向抗炎表型的转化。本研究开创了共生细菌 MVs 在组织损伤修复中的重要性，并为组织损伤修复提供了一个新的概念。
