Abdullah Mohd Azmuddin, Hussein Hanaa Ali
Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
College of Dentistry, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2021 May 20;8(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s40643-021-00396-0.
There has been a greater call for greener and eco-friendly processes and bioproducts to meet the 2030's core agenda on 17 global sustainable development goals. The challenge lies in incorporating systems thinking with a comprehensive worldview as a guiding principle to develop the economy, whilst taking cognisance of the need to safeguard the environment, and to embrace the socio-cultural diversity dimension as an equal component. Any discussion on climate change, destruction of eco-system and habitat for wildlife, poverty and starvation, and the spread of infectious diseases, must be addressed together with the emphasis on the development of cleaner energy, air and water, better management of resources and biodiversity, improved agro-practices for food production and distribution, and affordable health care, as the outcomes and key performance indicators to be evaluated. Strict regulation, monitoring and enforcement to minimize emission, pollution and wastage must also be put in place.
This review article focuses on the research and development efforts to achieve sustainable bioenergy production, environmental remediation, and transformation of agro-materials into value-added bioproducts through the integrated algal and oil palm biorefinery. Recent development in microalgal research with nanotechnology as anti-cancer and antimicrobial agents and for biopharmaceutical applications are discussed. The life-cycle analysis in the context of palm oil mill processes is evaluated. The way forward from this integrated biorefinery concept is to strive for inclusive development strategies, and to address the immediate and pressing problems facing the Planet and the People, whilst still reaping the Profit.
为实现2030年关于17个全球可持续发展目标的核心议程，对更绿色、环保的工艺和生物产品的呼声越来越高。挑战在于将系统思维与全面的世界观相结合，作为发展经济的指导原则，同时认识到保护环境的必要性，并将社会文化多样性层面作为平等的组成部分加以接纳。任何关于气候变化、生态系统和野生动物栖息地破坏、贫困与饥饿以及传染病传播的讨论，都必须与强调发展清洁能源、空气和水、更好地管理资源和生物多样性、改进粮食生产和分配的农业实践以及负担得起的医疗保健等内容一并进行探讨，将这些作为要评估的成果和关键绩效指标。还必须实施严格的监管、监测和执法，以尽量减少排放、污染和浪费。
本文献综述聚焦于通过藻类和油棕综合生物炼制实现可持续生物能源生产、环境修复以及将农业原料转化为增值生物产品的研发工作。讨论了微藻研究在纳米技术作为抗癌和抗菌剂以及生物制药应用方面的最新进展。评估了棕榈油厂工艺背景下的生命周期分析。这种综合生物炼制概念的前进方向是努力制定包容性发展战略，解决地球和人类面临的紧迫问题，同时仍能获取利润。
