Izaguirre Jon Kepa, Barañano Leire, Castañón Sonia, Santos José A L, Cesário M Teresa, da Fonseca M Manuela R, Alkorta Itziar, Garbisu Carlos
NEIKER-Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, P812, 48160, Derio, Spain.
iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2021 May 19;8(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s40643-021-00392-4.
The management of municipal solid waste is a major logistic and environmental problem worldwide. Nonetheless, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a valuable source of nutrients which can be used for a variety of purposes, according to the Circular Economy paradigm. Among the possible applications, the bioproduction of a biodegradable polyester, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)], using OFMSW as carbon platform is a promising strategy. Here, an economic and environmental assessment of bacterial P(3HB) production from OFMSW is presented based on previously published results. The SuperPro Designer® software was used to simulate P(3HB) production under our experimental parameters. Two scenarios were proposed depending on the fermentation medium: (1) enzymatic hydrolysate of OFMSW supplemented with glucose and plum waste juice; and (2) basal medium supplemented with glucose and plum waste juice. According to our results, both scenarios are not economically feasible under our experimental parameters. In Scenario 1, the low fermentation yield, the cost of the enzymes, the labour cost and the energy consumption are the factors that most contribute to that result. In Scenario 2, the cost of the extraction solvent and the low fermentation yield are the most limiting factors. The possibility of using process waste as raw material for the generation of other products must be investigated to enhance economic feasibility. From an environmental viewpoint, the photochemical oxidation potential (derived from the use of anisole as extraction solvent) and the generation of acid rain and global warming effect (caused by the burning of fuels for power generation) are the most relevant impacts associated to P(3HB) production under our experimental parameters.
城市固体废物的管理是全球范围内一个重大的物流和环境问题。尽管如此，根据循环经济模式，城市固体废物的有机部分（OFMSW）是一种宝贵的营养来源，可用于多种目的。在可能的应用中，以OFMSW为碳平台生物生产可生物降解的聚酯聚（3-羟基丁酸酯）[P(3HB)]是一种很有前景的策略。在此，基于先前发表的结果，对利用OFMSW生产细菌P(3HB)进行了经济和环境评估。使用SuperPro Designer®软件在我们的实验参数下模拟P(3HB)的生产。根据发酵培养基提出了两种方案：（1）添加葡萄糖和李子废汁的OFMSW酶解产物；（2）添加葡萄糖和李子废汁的基础培养基。根据我们的结果，在我们的实验参数下，这两种方案在经济上均不可行。在方案1中，低发酵产率、酶成本、劳动力成本和能源消耗是导致该结果的主要因素。在方案2中，萃取溶剂成本和低发酵产率是最限制因素。必须研究将工艺废料用作生产其他产品的原材料的可能性，以提高经济可行性。从环境角度来看，光化学氧化潜力（源于使用苯甲醚作为萃取溶剂）以及酸雨和全球变暖效应（由发电燃料燃烧引起）是在我们的实验参数下与P(3HB)生产相关的最主要影响。
