Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Jun 1;277:116362. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116362. Epub 2024 Apr 23.
The influence of uranium (U) mining on the fungal diversity (FD) and communities (FC) structure was investigated in this work. Our results revealed that soil FC richness and FD indicators obviously decreased due to U, such as Chao1, observed OTUs and Shannon index (P<0.05). Moreover, the abundances of Mortierella, Gibberella, and Tetracladium were notably reduced in soil samples owing to U mining activities (P<0.05). In contrast, the abundances of Cadophora, Pseudogymnoascus, Mucor, and Sporormiella increased in all soil samples after U mining (P<0.05). Furthermore, U mining not only dramatically influenced the Plant_Pathogen guild and Saprotroph and Pathotroph modes (P<0.05), but also induced the differentiation of soil FC and the enrichment of the Animal_Pathogen-Soil_Saprotroph and Endophyte guilds and Symbiotroph and Pathotroph Saprotroph trophic modes. In addition, various fungal populations and guilds were enriched to deal with the external stresses caused by U mining in different U mining areas and soil depths (P<0.05). Finally, nine U-tolerant fungi were isolated and identified with a minimum inhibitory concentration range of 400-600 mg/L, and their adsorption efficiency for U ranged from 11.6% to 37.9%. This study provides insights into the impact of U mining on soil fungal stability and the response of fungi to U mining activities, as well as aids in the screening of fungal strains that can be used to promote remediation of U mining sites on plateaus.
本研究调查了铀（U）矿开采对真菌多样性（FD）和群落（FC）结构的影响。结果表明，由于 U 的存在，土壤 FC 丰富度和 FD 指标明显下降，如 Chao1、观察到的 OTUs 和 Shannon 指数（P<0.05）。此外，由于铀矿开采活动，土壤样品中 Mortierella、Gibberella 和 Tetracladium 的丰度明显降低（P<0.05）。相比之下，在所有土壤样品中，由于铀矿开采，Cadophora、Pseudogymnoascus、Mucor 和 Sporormiella 的丰度增加（P<0.05）。此外，铀矿开采不仅显著影响了植物-病原体群和腐生菌和病原菌模式（P<0.05），还导致了土壤 FC 的分化以及动物-病原体-土壤腐生菌和内生菌群和共生菌和病原菌腐生菌营养模式的富集。此外，在不同的铀矿区和土壤深度，各种真菌种群和群落在应对铀矿开采造成的外部压力方面得到了富集（P<0.05）。最后，分离并鉴定了 9 株耐铀真菌，其最小抑菌浓度范围为 400-600mg/L，对 U 的吸附效率在 11.6%-37.9%之间。本研究深入了解了铀矿开采对土壤真菌稳定性的影响以及真菌对铀矿开采活动的响应，有助于筛选可用于促进高原铀矿开采区修复的真菌菌株。
