Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences/Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences/Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2024 May;45(5):358-370. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.03.009. Epub 2024 Apr 23.
Microglia are brain-resident macrophages that play key roles in brain development and experience dependent plasticity. In this review we discuss recent findings regarding the molecular mechanisms through which mammalian microglia sense the unique molecular patterns of the homeostatic brain. We propose that microglial function is acutely controlled in response to 'brain-associated molecular patterns' (BAMPs) that function as indicators of neuronal activity and neural circuit remodeling. A further layer of regulation comes from instructive cytokine cues that define unique microglial functional states. A systematic investigation of the receptors and signaling pathways that mediate these two regulatory axes may begin to define a functional code for microglia-neuron interactions.
小胶质细胞是驻留于大脑的巨噬细胞，在大脑发育和经验依赖性可塑性中发挥关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了关于哺乳动物小胶质细胞感知稳态大脑独特分子模式的分子机制的最新发现。我们提出，小胶质细胞的功能是通过作为神经元活动和神经回路重塑指标的“与脑相关的分子模式”（BAMPs）的急性控制的。进一步的调节来自于指导细胞因子线索，这些线索定义了独特的小胶质细胞功能状态。对介导这两个调节轴的受体和信号通路的系统研究可能开始为小胶质细胞-神经元相互作用定义一个功能代码。
