Bali Surya, Sembiah Sembagamuthu, Burman Jayeeta
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay Government Medical College and Hospital, Uluberia, Howrah, West Bengal, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2024 Mar-Apr;49(2):386-391. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_931_22. Epub 2024 Mar 7.
Gender-based violence (GBV) is a global public health concern. India's socio-cultural and regional diversity poses challenges for obtaining accurate and comprehensive indicators of gender-based violence. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and predictors of GBV among adolescents. This was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted among adolescents aged 10 to 19 years in six districts of Madhya Pradesh, the central part of India, from December 2017 to 2019.
GBV was assessed using a validated questionnaire adapted from a nationwide survey. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 16.0). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with GBV.
The study revealed that 10.4% of adolescents were victims of GBV. The multi-variable logistic regression showed that girls were at higher risk (odds ratio = 5.7) of facing GBV. Other significant factors associated with GBV included older adolescents (15-19 years old), those belonging to scheduled caste/tribal areas, those whose mothers were literate, those who had a boyfriend/girlfriend, and those who justified wife beating.
GBV is a serious public health problem among adolescents, with one in every 10 adolescents experiencing GBV. It is essential to instil awareness of gender-equal norms from early childhood and within households. Implementing violence prevention policies and strategies in educational and work institutions, as well as at the community level, is crucial.
基于性别的暴力（GBV）是一个全球公共卫生问题。印度的社会文化和地区多样性给获取基于性别的暴力的准确和全面指标带来了挑战。本研究旨在探讨青少年中基于性别的暴力的患病率及其预测因素。这是一项基于社区的横断面研究，于2017年12月至2019年在印度中部中央邦的六个地区对10至19岁的青少年进行。
使用从全国性调查改编而来的经过验证的问卷对基于性别的暴力进行评估。数据使用SPSS（版本16.0）进行分析。进行逻辑回归分析以确定与基于性别的暴力相关的因素。
研究显示，10.4%的青少年是基于性别的暴力的受害者。多变量逻辑回归表明，女孩面临基于性别的暴力的风险更高（优势比 = 5.7）。与基于性别的暴力相关的其他重要因素包括年龄较大的青少年（15 - 19岁）、属于在册种姓/部落地区的青少年、母亲识字的青少年、有男朋友/女朋友的青少年以及为殴打妻子行为辩解的青少年。
基于性别的暴力是青少年中一个严重的公共卫生问题，每10名青少年中就有1人遭受基于性别的暴力。从幼儿期开始并在家庭内部灌输性别平等规范至关重要。在教育和工作机构以及社区层面实施预防暴力政策和策略至关重要。
