Bebiano Luís B, Presa Rafaela, Vieira Francisca, Lourenço Bianca N, Pereira Rúben F
i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2024 Apr 10;9(4):228. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics9040228.
Bioinks play a fundamental role in skin bioprinting, dictating the printing fidelity, cell response, and function of bioprinted 3D constructs. However, the range of bioinks that support skin cells' function and aid in the bioprinting of 3D skin equivalents with tailorable properties and customized shapes is still limited. In this study, we describe a bioinspired design strategy for bioengineering double crosslinked pectin-based bioinks that recapitulate the mechanical properties and the presentation of cell-adhesive ligands and protease-sensitive domains of the dermal extracellular matrix, supporting the bioprinting of bilayer 3D skin models. Methacrylate-modified pectin was used as a base biomaterial enabling hydrogel formation via either chain-growth or step-growth photopolymerization and providing independent control over bioink rheology, as well as the mechanical and biochemical cues of cell environment. By tuning the concentrations of crosslinker and polymer in bioink formulation, dermal constructs were bioprinted with a physiologically relevant range of stiffnesses that resulted in strikingly site-specific differences in the morphology and spreading of dermal fibroblasts. We also demonstrated that the developed thiol-ene photo-clickable bioinks allow for the bioprinting of skin models of varying shapes that support dermis and epidermis reconstruction. Overall, the engineered bioinks expand the range of printable biomaterials for the extrusion bioprinting of 3D cell-laden hydrogels and provide a versatile platform to study the impact of material cues on cell fate, offering potential for in vitro skin modeling.
生物墨水在皮肤生物打印中起着基础性作用,决定着打印保真度、细胞反应以及生物打印3D构建体的功能。然而,能够支持皮肤细胞功能并有助于生物打印具有可定制特性和形状的3D皮肤等效物的生物墨水种类仍然有限。在本研究中,我们描述了一种受生物启发的设计策略,用于生物工程化双交联果胶基生物墨水,该墨水可重现真皮细胞外基质的机械性能以及细胞粘附配体和蛋白酶敏感域的呈现,支持双层3D皮肤模型的生物打印。甲基丙烯酸酯改性果胶用作基础生物材料,可通过链式增长或逐步增长光聚合形成水凝胶,并能独立控制生物墨水的流变学以及细胞环境的机械和生化线索。通过调整生物墨水配方中交联剂和聚合物的浓度,以生理相关的硬度范围对真皮构建体进行生物打印,这导致真皮成纤维细胞的形态和铺展出现显著的位点特异性差异。我们还证明,所开发的硫醇-烯光点击生物墨水能够生物打印出支持真皮和表皮重建的不同形状的皮肤模型。总体而言,工程化生物墨水扩展了用于挤出生物打印载有细胞的3D水凝胶的可打印生物材料范围,并提供了一个通用平台来研究材料线索对细胞命运的影响,为体外皮肤建模提供了潜力。