National Engineering Laboratory for Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Cells. 2024 Apr 21;13(8):720. doi: 10.3390/cells13080720.
Meat yield, determined by muscle growth and development, is an important economic trait for the swine industry and a focus of research in animal genetics and breeding. PDZ and LIM domain 5 (PDLIM5) are cytoskeleton-related proteins that play key roles in various tissues and cells. These proteins have multiple isoforms, primarily categorized as short (PDLIM5-short) and long (PDLIM5-long) types, distinguished by the absence and presence of an LIM domain, respectively. However, the expression patterns of swine PDLIM5 isoforms and their regulation during porcine skeletal muscle development remain largely unexplored. We observed that PDLIM5-long was expressed at very low levels in pig muscles and that PDLIM5-short and total PDLIM5 were highly expressed in the muscles of slow-growing pigs, suggesting that PDLIM5-short, the dominant transcript in pigs, is associated with a slow rate of muscle growth. PDLIM5-short suppressed myoblast proliferation and myogenic differentiation in vitro. We also identified two single nucleotide polymorphisms (-258 A > T and -191 T > G) in the 5' flanking region of PDLIM5, which influenced the activity of the promoter and were associated with muscle growth rate in pigs. In summary, we demonstrated that PDLIM5-short negatively regulates myoblast proliferation and differentiation, providing a theoretical basis for improving pig breeding programs.
肉产量由肌肉生长和发育决定，是养猪业的一个重要经济性状，也是动物遗传和育种研究的重点。PDZ 和 LIM 结构域 5（PDLIM5）是与细胞骨架相关的蛋白质，在各种组织和细胞中发挥关键作用。这些蛋白质有多种同工型，主要分为短（PDLIM5-short）和长（PDLIM5-long）两种类型，分别由 LIM 结构域的缺失和存在来区分。然而，猪 PDLIM5 同工型的表达模式及其在猪骨骼肌发育过程中的调控仍在很大程度上未被探索。我们观察到 PDLIM5-long 在猪肌肉中的表达水平非常低，而 PDLIM5-short 和总 PDLIM5 在生长缓慢的猪肌肉中高度表达，这表明 PDLIM5-short，即猪中的主要转录本，与肌肉生长速度较慢有关。PDLIM5-short 在体外抑制成肌细胞增殖和肌生成分化。我们还在 PDLIM5 的 5'侧翼区鉴定出两个单核苷酸多态性（-258 A > T 和 -191 T > G），它们影响启动子的活性，并与猪的肌肉生长速度有关。总之，我们证明了 PDLIM5-short 负调控成肌细胞增殖和分化，为改善猪育种计划提供了理论基础。
