Eye Clinic, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
Eye Unit, "Luigi Curto" Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84035 Polla, Italy.
Mar Drugs. 2024 Mar 28;22(4):155. doi: 10.3390/md22040155.
Different degrees of visual impairment lead to a decrease in patient wellbeing, which has an adverse effect on many facets of social and professional life. Eye disorders can affect several parts of the eye, most notably the retina and the cornea, and the impacted areas might share a common form of cellular damage or dysfunction (such as inflammation, oxidative stress and neuronal degeneration). Considering that marine organisms inhabit a broad variety of marine habitats, they display a great degree of chemical diversity. As a result, molecules with a marine origin are receiving more and more attention in the hopes of developing novel therapeutic approaches. For instance, fucoxanthin has been demonstrated to be effective in protecting the retina against photo-induced damage, while largazole, astaxanthin and spirulina have all shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities that can be useful for the management of several ocular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and ocular surface disorders. The aim of this review is to analyze the scientific literature relating to the therapeutic effects on the eye of the main natural marine products, focusing on their mechanism of action and potential clinical uses for the management of ocular diseases.
不同程度的视力障碍会导致患者的健康状况下降，从而对社会和职业生活的许多方面产生不利影响。眼部疾病可能会影响眼睛的多个部位，最明显的是视网膜和角膜，受影响的部位可能具有共同的细胞损伤或功能障碍形式（如炎症、氧化应激和神经元变性）。考虑到海洋生物栖息在广泛的海洋生境中，它们表现出高度的化学多样性。因此，具有海洋来源的分子越来越受到关注，希望开发新的治疗方法。例如，褐藻黄素已被证明可有效保护视网膜免受光诱导损伤，而 largazole、虾青素和螺旋藻都表现出抗氧化、抗炎和抗细胞凋亡的活性，可用于治疗多种眼部疾病，如年龄相关性黄斑变性和眼表面疾病。本综述的目的是分析与主要天然海洋产物对眼睛的治疗作用相关的科学文献，重点分析其作用机制以及在眼部疾病管理中的潜在临床用途。
