Đorđević Stefan, Stanković Mima, Jorgić Bojan, Milenković Saša, Smailović Semrija, Katanić Borko, Jelaska Igor, Pezelj Luka
Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia.
Department of Pedagogical and Psychological Sciences, University of Novi Pazar, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia.
Children (Basel). 2024 Apr 8;11(4):446. doi: 10.3390/children11040446.
The objective of this research was to analyze and elucidate the sagittal spinal posture status in older elementary school children, considering their gender and grade differences. The study involved 484 school children (252 males and 232 females) from grades V to VIII, assessed for sagittal spinal posture using the Formetric 4D System. The analysis, employing the Chi-squared test of independence along with the Z-test, did not reveal significant grade-related differences ( < 0.52) in the incidence of normal sagittal alignment or diagnosed outliers. However, within grade levels, no significant difference was observed for male participants ( < 0.80), while a significant difference was identified for females ( < 0.01). Examining gender differences across grades, a disparity was noted only among seventh graders concerning normal spine alignment and outlier existence ( < 0.01), favoring male participants. Regardless of the grade, a significant gender difference emerged in the location of diagnosed outliers: kyphosis (M = 108 vs. F = 72), lordosis (M = 5 vs. F = 14), kypholordosis (M = 18 vs. F = 66), and flatback outlier of the lumbar spine (M = 27 vs. F = 11). These findings suggest potential adjustments to the curriculum and highlight the need to tailor physical education instruction based on this study's outcomes. Consequently, these results imply the importance of a differentiated approach in preventing sagittal plane outliers of the spine in adolescent children.
本研究的目的是分析和阐明小学高年级学生的脊柱矢状位姿势状况，并考虑其性别和年级差异。该研究涉及484名五至八年级的学童（252名男生和232名女生），使用Formetric 4D系统对其脊柱矢状位姿势进行评估。采用独立性卡方检验和Z检验进行分析，结果显示在正常矢状位排列或已诊断的异常值发生率方面，未发现与年级相关的显著差异（<0.52）。然而，在各年级内，男性参与者未观察到显著差异（<0.80），而女性参与者存在显著差异（<0.01）。在各年级间检查性别差异时，仅在七年级学生中发现了关于正常脊柱排列和异常值存在的差异（<0.01），男性参与者更具优势。无论年级如何，在已诊断异常值的位置上都出现了显著的性别差异：脊柱后凸（男性=108例，女性=72例）、脊柱前凸（男性=5例，女性=14例）、脊柱后凸前凸（男性=18例，女性=66例）以及腰椎平背异常值（男性=27例，女性=11例）。这些发现表明可能需要对课程进行调整，并强调有必要根据本研究的结果调整体育教学。因此，这些结果意味着采用差异化方法预防青少年脊柱矢状面异常值的重要性。
