Stefanów Julia, Sobieraj Karolina, Hejna Małgorzata, Pawęska Katarzyna, Świechowski Kacper
Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37a Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
Institute of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 24 Grunwaldzki Square, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Apr 19;17(8):1895. doi: 10.3390/ma17081895.
The aim of this study was the characterization and evaluation of applicability as a soil amendment of biochar derived from rose pruning waste at different pyrolysis temperatures (200-500 °C) and process durations (20-60 min). The biochar properties were compared to the raw material. The biochars produced at 300 °C for 40 and 60 min demonstrated the best fuel properties. These variants showed high energy gain rates (77.6 ± 1.5% and 74.8 ± 1.5%, respectively), energy densification ratios (1.35 ± 0.00 and 1.37 ± 0.00, respectively), high heating values (24,720 ± 267 J × g and 25,113 ± 731 J × g, respectively), and relative low ash contents (5.9 ± 0.5% and 7.1 ± 0.3%, respectively). Regarding fertilizer properties, such as pH value, ash content, heavy metal content, and pollutant elution, the biochars showed better qualities than the raw material. All tested biochar did not exceed the permissible values for heavy metals, including Cr, Cd, Ni, and Pb. The most optimal properties for soil amendments were noted for biochar variants of 400 °C for 40 min, 450 °C for 20 min, and 500 °C for 20 min. Generally, biochars produced at temperatures ≥400 °C did not inhibit root elongation, except for the material produced at 450 °C for 60 min (4.08 ± 23.34%). Biochars obtained at ≥300 °C showed a positive impact on seed germination (86.67 ± 18.48-100 ± 24.14%).
本研究的目的是对在不同热解温度（200 - 500°C）和处理时间（20 - 60分钟）下由玫瑰修剪废弃物衍生的生物炭作为土壤改良剂的特性进行表征并评估其适用性。将生物炭的特性与原材料进行了比较。在300°C下分别于40分钟和60分钟生产的生物炭表现出最佳的燃料特性。这些变体显示出高能量增益率（分别为77.6±1.5%和74.8±1.5%）、能量致密化率（分别为1.35±0.00和1.37±0.00）、高热值（分别为24,720±267 J×g和25,113±731 J×g）以及相对较低的灰分含量（分别为5.9±0.5%和7.1±0.3%）。在肥料特性方面，如pH值、灰分含量、重金属含量和污染物洗脱，生物炭表现出比原材料更好的品质。所有测试的生物炭均未超过包括Cr、Cd、Ni和Pb在内的重金属允许值。对于400°C下40分钟、450°C下20分钟和500°C下20分钟的生物炭变体，记录到了土壤改良的最优化特性。一般来说，在≥400°C温度下生产的生物炭除了在450°C下60分钟生产的材料（4.08±23.34%）外均未抑制根伸长。在≥300°C下获得的生物炭对种子萌发有积极影响（86.67±18.48 - 100±24.14%）。
