Drago Lorenzo
UOC Laboratory of Clinical Medicine with Specialized Areas, IRCCS Multimedica Hospital, 20138 Milan, Italy.
Clinical Microbiology and Microbiome Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2024 Mar 25;12(4):649. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12040649.
Moxifloxacin is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic available for ophthalmic use. It inhibits two enzymes involved in bacterial DNA synthesis, covering Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. This spectrum allows for the formulation of self-preserving bottle solutions, while its interesting pharmacological profile is distinguished by efficacy at low tissue concentrations and by an infrequent dose regimen due to its long duration on ocular tissues. This enhances patient compliance, promoting its use in children. The human eye hosts several microorganisms; this collection is called the ocular microbiota, which protects the ocular surface, assuring homeostasis. When choosing an antibiotic, it is appropriate to consider its influence on microbiota. A short dose regimen is preferred to minimize the impact of the drug. Moxifloxacin eyedrops represent an effective and safe tool to manage and prevent ocular infections. As healthcare providers face the complexity of the ocular microbiota and microbial resistance daily, the informed use of moxifloxacin is necessary to preserve its efficacy in the future. In this regard, it is well known that moxifloxacin has a lower capacity to induce resistance (an optimal WPC and MPC) compared to other quinolones, but much still needs to be explored regarding the impact that fluoroquinolones could have on the ocular microbiota.
莫西沙星是一种可用于眼科的第四代氟喹诺酮类抗生素。它抑制参与细菌DNA合成的两种酶，涵盖革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性病原体。这种抗菌谱使得可以配制自保存瓶装溶液，而其有趣的药理学特性表现为在低组织浓度下有效，并且由于其在眼组织上的作用持续时间长，给药方案不频繁。这提高了患者的依从性，促进了其在儿童中的使用。人眼寄居着多种微生物；这个集合被称为眼部微生物群，它保护眼表，确保体内平衡。在选择抗生素时，考虑其对微生物群的影响是合适的。优选短疗程给药以尽量减少药物的影响。莫西沙星滴眼液是管理和预防眼部感染的有效且安全的工具。由于医疗保健提供者每天都面临眼部微生物群和微生物耐药性的复杂性，明智地使用莫西沙星对于在未来保持其疗效是必要的。在这方面，众所周知，与其他喹诺酮类药物相比，莫西沙星诱导耐药性的能力较低（最佳WPC和MPC），但关于氟喹诺酮类药物对眼部微生物群可能产生的影响仍有许多需要探索的地方。
