Loyala Jerocin Vishani, Down Billy, Wong Enoch, Tan Benjamin
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK.
High Wycombe Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, High Wycombe HP11 2TT, UK.
Nutrients. 2024 Apr 22;16(8):1246. doi: 10.3390/nu16081246.
(1) Background: Gastric cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Weight loss and malnutrition associated with cancer are linked with increased mortality rates and reduced quality of life. Cancer cachexia, characterised by the loss of skeletal muscle, is associated with approximately 20% of cancer-related deaths and differs from malnutrition in that it cannot be fully reversed by nutritional support alone. It is now recognised that the primary pathophysiological process underlying cancer cachexia is chronic inflammation leading to increased calorie consumption. Current treatments that focus on nutritional supplementation, psychological counselling, appetite stimulation and reducing inflammation are lacking in efficacy. This review focuses on the evidence supporting the potential roles of natural anti-inflammatory products and their derivatives including fatty acids, probiotics, amino acids, curcumin, fucoidan, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ginger, resveratrol and Boswellia serrata in the management of gastric cancer cachexia. (2) Results: While natural anti-inflammatory products show promise in a number of in vitro and in vivo studies, there are only a small number of human studies available. Where present, the evidence base is heterogeneous, with varying study methodologies and outcomes. (3) Conclusions: Natural anti-inflammatory products represent a potential adjunctive therapy for gastric cancer cachexia. Further research, particularly well-designed clinical trials, is needed to elucidate their optimal role, dosing and safety profiles in the management of gastric cancer cachexia.
(1)背景:胃癌是全球癌症相关死亡的一个重要原因。与癌症相关的体重减轻和营养不良与死亡率增加及生活质量下降有关。癌症恶病质以骨骼肌流失为特征,约20%的癌症相关死亡与之相关,它与营养不良的不同之处在于,仅靠营养支持无法完全逆转。现在人们认识到,癌症恶病质的主要病理生理过程是慢性炎症导致热量消耗增加。目前专注于营养补充、心理咨询、食欲刺激和减轻炎症的治疗方法效果不佳。本综述聚焦于支持天然抗炎产品及其衍生物(包括脂肪酸、益生菌、氨基酸、姜黄素、岩藻多糖、表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯、生姜、白藜芦醇和乳香)在胃癌恶病质管理中潜在作用的证据。(2)结果:虽然天然抗炎产品在一些体外和体内研究中显示出前景,但可用的人体研究数量很少。即便有相关研究,证据基础也不统一,研究方法和结果各不相同。(3)结论:天然抗炎产品是胃癌恶病质的一种潜在辅助治疗方法。需要进一步研究,尤其是精心设计的临床试验,以阐明它们在胃癌恶病质管理中的最佳作用、剂量和安全性。