Lee So-Jeong, Kim Dong-Myung
Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
Molecules. 2024 Apr 20;29(8):1878. doi: 10.3390/molecules29081878.
The increasing demand for sustainable alternatives underscores the critical need for a shift away from traditional hydrocarbon-dependent processes. In this landscape, biomanufacturing emerges as a compelling solution, offering a pathway to produce essential chemical materials with significantly reduced environmental impacts. By utilizing engineered microorganisms and biomass as raw materials, biomanufacturing seeks to achieve a carbon-neutral footprint, effectively counteracting the carbon dioxide emissions associated with fossil fuel use. The efficiency and specificity of biocatalysts further contribute to lowering energy consumption and enhancing the sustainability of the production process. Within this context, cell-free synthesis emerges as a promising approach to accelerate the shift towards biomanufacturing. Operating with cellular machinery in a controlled environment, cell-free synthesis offers multiple advantages: it enables the rapid evaluation of biosynthetic pathways and optimization of the conditions for the synthesis of specific chemicals. It also holds potential as an on-demand platform for the production of personalized and specialized products. This review explores recent progress in cell-free synthesis, highlighting its potential to expedite the transformation of chemical processes into more sustainable biomanufacturing practices. We discuss how cell-free techniques not only accelerate the development of new bioproducts but also broaden the horizons for sustainable chemical production. Additionally, we address the challenges of scaling these technologies for commercial use and ensuring their affordability, which are critical for cell-free systems to meet the future demands of industries and fully realize their potential.
对可持续替代方案日益增长的需求凸显了从传统的依赖碳氢化合物的工艺转向的迫切必要性。在这种背景下，生物制造成为一种极具吸引力的解决方案，提供了一条生产对环境影响显著降低的基本化学材料的途径。通过利用工程微生物和生物质作为原材料，生物制造旨在实现碳中和足迹，有效抵消与化石燃料使用相关的二氧化碳排放。生物催化剂的效率和特异性进一步有助于降低能源消耗并提高生产过程的可持续性。在此背景下，无细胞合成作为一种加速向生物制造转变的有前景的方法而出现。在可控环境中利用细胞机制运行，无细胞合成具有多种优势：它能够快速评估生物合成途径并优化特定化学品合成的条件。它还具有作为按需生产个性化和专业化产品平台的潜力。本综述探讨了无细胞合成的最新进展，强调了其加速将化学过程转变为更可持续的生物制造实践的潜力。我们讨论了无细胞技术不仅如何加速新生物产品的开发，还如何拓宽可持续化学生产的视野。此外，我们还讨论了将这些技术扩大规模用于商业用途以及确保其可承受性所面临的挑战，这些对于无细胞系统满足未来行业需求并充分发挥其潜力至关重要。
