Liu Yun, Sun Xinyu, Wei Chen, Guo Shoudong, Song Chunxiao, Zhang Jiangyu, Bai Jingkun
School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
School of Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2025;28(4):561-581. doi: 10.2174/0113862073296206240416060154.
Chemotherapy resistance is a common cause of tumor treatment failure. Various molecular responses, such as increased expression of efflux transporter proteins, including Pglycoprotein (P-gp), changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), the role of platelets, and the effects of cancer stem cells (CSCs), can lead to drug resistance. Through extensive research on the mechanisms of drug resistance, more effective anti-resistance drugs and therapeutic approaches are being developed. This review explores drug resistance mechanisms and summarizes relevant anti-resistance drugs. In addition, due to the therapeutic limitations of the aforementioned treatments, new advances in nanocarrier-based combination immunotherapy to address the challenge of drug resistance have been described. Nanocarriers combined with immunotherapy can not only target tumor sites for targeted drug release but also modulate the autoimmune system and enhance immune efficacy, thereby overcoming tumor drug resistance. This review suggests new strategies for overcoming tumor drug resistance and is expected to inform tumor treatment and prognosis.
化疗耐药是肿瘤治疗失败的常见原因。多种分子反应，如外排转运蛋白（包括P糖蛋白，即P-gp）表达增加、肿瘤微环境（TME）变化、血小板的作用以及癌症干细胞（CSCs）的影响等，均可导致耐药。通过对耐药机制的广泛研究，正在开发更有效的抗耐药药物和治疗方法。本综述探讨了耐药机制并总结了相关抗耐药药物。此外，由于上述治疗方法存在治疗局限性，本文还描述了基于纳米载体的联合免疫疗法在应对耐药挑战方面的新进展。纳米载体与免疫疗法相结合，不仅可以靶向肿瘤部位实现靶向药物释放，还能调节自身免疫系统并增强免疫疗效，从而克服肿瘤耐药性。本综述提出了克服肿瘤耐药性的新策略，有望为肿瘤治疗和预后提供参考。
