Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Division of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Department of Ophthalmology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Cells. 2023 May 12;12(10):1375. doi: 10.3390/cells12101375.
Prostate cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Recent research advances have emphasized the critical roles of mismatch repair (MMR) and double-strand break (DSB) in prostate cancer development and progression. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms underlying DSB and MMR defects in prostate cancer, as well as their clinical implications. Furthermore, we discuss the promising therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors and PARP inhibitors in targeting these defects, particularly in the context of personalized medicine and further perspectives. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of these novel treatments, including Food and Drugs Association (FDA) drug approvals, offering hope for improved patient outcomes. Overall, this review emphasizes the importance of understanding the interplay between MMR and DSB defects in prostate cancer to develop innovative and effective therapeutic strategies for patients.
前列腺癌仍然是全球男性癌症相关死亡的主要原因。最近的研究进展强调了错配修复（MMR）和双链断裂（DSB）在前列腺癌发生和发展中的关键作用。在这里，我们提供了一个全面的综述，介绍了 DSB 和 MMR 缺陷在前列腺癌中的分子机制，以及它们的临床意义。此外，我们还讨论了免疫检查点抑制剂和 PARP 抑制剂在靶向这些缺陷方面的有前途的治疗潜力，特别是在个性化医学和进一步展望的背景下。最近的临床试验表明，这些新疗法的疗效，包括美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）药物批准，为改善患者预后带来了希望。总的来说，本综述强调了理解 MMR 和 DSB 缺陷在前列腺癌中的相互作用的重要性，以开发针对患者的创新和有效的治疗策略。
