Beckett Emma L, Fayet-Moore Flávia, Cassettari Tim, Starck Carlene, Wright Jutta, Blumfield Michelle
FOODiQ Global, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Central Coast, New South Wales, Australia.
Nutr Rev. 2025 Feb 1;83(2):e722-e735. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae036.
Low fruit and vegetable intakes are major modifiable determinants of disease. One hundred percent juice may facilitate intake and deliver essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. However, the position of 100% juice in healthy eating guidelines remains controversial due to its lower dietary fiber and higher free-sugar contents compared with whole fruits and vegetables.
To conduct an umbrella review of systematic literature reviews with meta-analyses (MAs) to summarize the health benefits of drinking 100% fruit and/or vegetable juice.
Four databases (Medline, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and CINAHL) were systematically searched for MAs of 100% juice and any health outcomes.
Screening, quality, risk of bias, and content overlap tools were applied, and extracted data were narratively synthesized. No eligible studies for vegetable juice were found. Fifteen systematic literature reviews (51 primary MAs, 6 dose-response, and 87 subanalyses; 50-1200 mL/day; hours to years of duration) were included. Ten MAs (19.6%) reported health benefits (4 for blood pressure, 2 for vascular function, 3 for inflammation, 1 for stroke mortality), 3 MAs (5.9%) reported adverse risks (1 each for cardiovascular disease mortality, prostate cancer, type 2 diabetes risk), while most (74.5%) reported no effect (blood lipids, body composition, liver function, metabolic health, cancers, and inflammation). Risks were limited to cohort studies and benefits were found in both cohort and intervention studies.
The findings collate evidence showing some potential health benefits associated with 100% juice consumption, with fewer potential risks. The balance of evidence does not support the exclusion of 100% juice from food-based guides to healthy eating, although caution may be warranted in certain groups or individuals, and the body of evidence is not yet conclusive.
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022380588.
水果和蔬菜摄入量低是疾病的主要可改变决定因素。百分百果汁可能有助于摄入量的增加，并提供必需营养素和生物活性化合物。然而，由于与完整水果和蔬菜相比，其膳食纤维含量较低且游离糖含量较高，百分百果汁在健康饮食指南中的地位仍存在争议。
对系统文献综述及荟萃分析进行伞状综述，以总结饮用百分百水果和/或蔬菜汁的健康益处。
系统检索了四个数据库（Medline、Cochrane图书馆、EMBASE和CINAHL），以获取关于百分百果汁和任何健康结局的荟萃分析。
应用筛选、质量、偏倚风险和内容重叠工具，并对提取的数据进行叙述性综合分析。未找到符合条件的蔬菜汁研究。纳入了15篇系统文献综述（51项主要荟萃分析、6项剂量反应分析和87项亚分析；每日摄入量为50 - 1200毫升；持续时间从数小时到数年）。10项荟萃分析（19.6%）报告了健康益处（4项针对血压，2项针对血管功能，3项针对炎症，1项针对中风死亡率），3项荟萃分析（5.9%）报告了不良风险（分别针对心血管疾病死亡率、前列腺癌、2型糖尿病风险各1项），而大多数（74.5%）报告无影响（血脂、身体成分、肝功能、代谢健康、癌症和炎症）。风险仅限于队列研究，而益处则在队列研究和干预研究中均有发现。
研究结果整理的证据表明，饮用百分百果汁有一些潜在的健康益处，潜在风险较少。证据的平衡不支持在基于食物的健康饮食指南中排除百分百果汁，尽管某些群体或个体可能需要谨慎，且证据尚不确凿。
PROSPERO注册号CRD42022380588。
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