Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rio Grande do Norte State University, Mossoró, Brazil.
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2024 Apr 1;25(4):1195-1203. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.4.1195.
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, mainly affecting children, young adults, and the elderly. It is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis, exhibiting low survival rates even with standard treatment. Recently, circular RNA molecules capable of influencing gene expression through various functions, with their main role being acting as microRNA sponges and reducing their intracellular expression, have been identified. Recent studies have linked circular RNAs to osteosarcoma development and progression. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the alteration in circular RNA expression during osteosarcoma development and progression.
An integrative literature review was conducted from September 10th to November 12th, 2021, using the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, OVID, and EMBASE. 129 full articles were included in the review. The obtained data were organized using a standardized data collection instrument, which included the following information: altered expression profile of circular RNAs, associated cancer hallmarks, clinical-pathological relationships of circular RNAs, and perspectives on the studied circular RNAs.
A total of 94 distinct circular RNAs were identified, predominantly showing an increased expression pattern. Approximately 91% of the studies that aimed to identify the mechanisms of action of circular RNAs highlighted the function of circular RNAs as microRNA sponges. The most associated cancer hallmarks with the identified circular RNAs were proliferative signaling induction, invasion and metastasis, and resistance to cell death. The altered expression of these circular RNAs generally correlated with a worse prognosis for patients, as evidenced by clinical features such as shorter survival, advanced Enneking and/or TNM stage, higher incidence of metastasis, larger tumor size, and increased chemoresistance.
These findings indicate the significance of circular RNA molecules in osteosarcoma carcinogenesis, suggesting their potential as new prognostic and/or diagnostic biomarkers, as well as alternative therapeutic targets in the fight against osteosarcoma.
骨肉瘤是最常见的原发性恶性骨肿瘤，主要影响儿童、青少年和老年人。它是一种侵袭性癌症，预后不良，即使采用标准治疗，生存率也很低。最近，人们发现了能够通过各种功能影响基因表达的环状 RNA 分子，其主要作用是作为 microRNA 海绵，减少其在细胞内的表达。最近的研究将环状 RNA 与骨肉瘤的发生和发展联系起来。因此，本研究旨在探讨环状 RNA 在骨肉瘤发生和发展过程中的表达变化。
本研究于 2021 年 9 月 10 日至 11 月 12 日进行了综合文献综述，使用了以下数据库：PubMed/MEDLINE、SCOPUS、Web of Science、OVID 和 EMBASE。综述共纳入 129 篇全文。使用标准化的数据采集工具对获得的数据进行组织，该工具包括以下信息：环状 RNA 的表达谱改变、与癌症特征的关联、环状 RNA 与临床病理关系，以及对研究环状 RNA 的观点。
共鉴定出 94 种不同的环状 RNA，主要表现为表达增加的模式。约 91%的旨在确定环状 RNA 作用机制的研究强调了环状 RNA 作为 microRNA 海绵的功能。与鉴定出的环状 RNA 最相关的癌症特征是增殖信号诱导、侵袭和转移以及对细胞死亡的抵抗。这些环状 RNA 的表达改变通常与患者预后较差相关，这可以从生存时间较短、Enneking 和/或 TNM 分期较高、转移发生率较高、肿瘤较大以及化疗耐药性增加等临床特征中得到证明。
这些发现表明环状 RNA 分子在骨肉瘤发生中的重要性，提示它们可能成为新的预后和/或诊断生物标志物，以及对抗骨肉瘤的替代治疗靶点。
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