Kasanga Maisa, Shempela Doreen Mainza, Daka Victor, Mwikisa Mark J, Sikalima Jay, Chanda Duncan, Mudenda Steward
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Laboratory Department, Churches Health Association of Zambia, CHAZ COMPLEX Meanwood Drive (off Great East Road), Plot No. 2882/B/5/10, P.O. Box 34511, JC9H+VFF, Lusaka, Zambia.
JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2024 Apr 27;6(2):dlae061. doi: 10.1093/jacamr/dlae061. eCollection 2024 Apr.
The overuse and misuse of antimicrobials has worsened the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally. This study investigated the AMR profiles of isolated from clinical and environmental samples in Lusaka, Zambia.
This was a cross-sectional study conducted from February 2023 to June 2023 using 450 samples. VITEK 2 Compact was used to identify and perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Data analysis was done using WHONET 2022 and SPSS version 25.0.
Of the 450 samples, 66.7% ( = 300) were clinical samples, whereas 33.3% ( = 150) were environmental samples. Overall, 47.8% ( = 215) (37.8% clinical and 10% environmental) tested positive for . Of the 215 isolates, 66.5% were MDR and 42.8% were ESBL-producers. Most isolates were resistant to ampicillin (81.4%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (70.7%), ciprofloxacin (67.9%), levofloxacin (64.6%), ceftriaxone (62.3%) and cefuroxime (62%). Intriguingly, isolates were highly susceptible to amikacin (100%), imipenem (99.5%), nitrofurantoin (89.3%), ceftolozane/tazobactam (82%) and gentamicin (72.1%).
This study found a high resistance of to some antibiotics that are commonly used in humans. The isolation of MDR and ESBL-producing is a public health concern and requires urgent action. Therefore, there is a need to instigate and strengthen interventional strategies including antimicrobial stewardship programmes to combat AMR in Zambia.
抗菌药物的过度使用和滥用使全球抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）问题恶化。本研究调查了赞比亚卢萨卡临床和环境样本中分离出的[具体细菌名称未给出]的AMR谱。
这是一项于2023年2月至2023年6月进行的横断面研究，使用了450个样本。采用VITEK 2 Compact鉴定[具体细菌名称未给出]并进行抗菌药物敏感性测试。使用WHONET 2022和SPSS 25.0版进行数据分析。
在450个样本中，66.7%（n = 300）为临床样本，而33.3%（n = 150）为环境样本。总体而言，47.8%（n = 215）（37.8%为临床样本，10%为环境样本）的[具体细菌名称未给出]检测呈阳性。在215株[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株中，66.5%为多重耐药（MDR），42.8%为产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）菌株。大多数分离株对氨苄西林（81.4%）、磺胺甲恶唑/甲氧苄啶（70.7%）、环丙沙星（67.9%）、左氧氟沙星（64.6%）、头孢曲松（62.3%）和头孢呋辛（62%）耐药。有趣的是，[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株对阿米卡星（100%）、亚胺培南（99.5%）、呋喃妥因（89.3%）、头孢洛扎/他唑巴坦（82%）和庆大霉素（72.1%）高度敏感。
本研究发现[具体细菌名称未给出]对一些人类常用抗生素具有高度耐药性。多重耐药和产ESBL的[具体细菌名称未给出]的分离是一个公共卫生问题，需要立即采取行动。因此，有必要在赞比亚启动并加强包括抗菌药物管理计划在内的干预策略，以对抗AMR。
