Gordillo Erica Alves Ferreira, Andrade Rubia Laine de Paula, Hoare Ismael, Izurieta Ricardo, Zilly Adriana, Cicchelero Laiz Mangini, Kunkel Merielly, Gordillo Ernesto Valdes, Silva-Sobrinho Reinaldo Antonio, Campos Regiane Bezerra, Silva Rosane Meire Munhak
CELS- Center for Education, Literature and Health- Western Paraná State University, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil.
Public Health Nursing -School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Glob Infect Dis. 2024 Mar 18;16(1):19-26. doi: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_72_23. eCollection 2024 Jan-Mar.
The severity of COVID-19 in the general population ranges from minimally symptomatic disease to critical illness, which may require hospitalization and progress to death.
A retrospective cohort study carried out with all positive cases of COVID-19 reported in the municipality of Foz do Iguaçu (PR) between the period from March 2020 to December 2021. Data were collected from Bank Notifies COVID-19 is the name of the information system that provides notifications by professionals of suspected and confirmed cases of the disease. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques and calculation of relative risk.
24,647 confirmed cases were identified in the study; among these, 22,211 (90.1%) were not hospitalized and 2436 (9.9%) were hospitalized. Among the 2436 patients hospitalized for COVID-19, 947 (38.9%) died and 1489 (61.1%) recovered. Among the 22,211 outpatients, 93 (0.4%) died and 22,118 (99.6%) recovered. An association between death and the following characteristics was identified among the cases that were hospitalized: male gender, all age groups over 40 years, indigenous race/color, hospital staylength of more than 10 days,hospitalization in a Unified Health System (SUS) bed and in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). According to the clinical characteristics of symptoms and comorbidities, the following prevailed:ities dyspnea, intercostal retraction, cyanosis, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, smoking, lung disease, kidneydisease, neurological disease, neoplasia, and immunodeficiency. Among the cases that were not hospitalized, death was associated with: malegender, all age groups over 50 years, dyspnea, cyanosis, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, neurological disease, neoplasia, and liver disease.
Older adults, male, and Caucasian people are commonly affected by COVID-19 and can evolve with aggravation when they have modifiable risk factors such as obesity and smoking, as well as nonmodifiable risk factors such as: cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, renal, hypertension, diabetes, and immunosuppression.
新冠病毒病（COVID-19）在普通人群中的严重程度不一，从症状轻微的疾病到危重症，后者可能需要住院治疗甚至进展至死亡。
对2020年3月至2021年12月期间在伊瓜苏港（巴拉那州）报告的所有COVID-19阳性病例进行回顾性队列研究。数据收集自“新冠疫情通报库”，该信息系统由专业人员提供疾病疑似和确诊病例的通报。采用描述性统计技术和相对风险计算进行数据分析。
研究共确定24647例确诊病例；其中，22211例（90.1%）未住院，2436例（9.9%）住院。在因COVID-19住院的2436例患者中，947例（38.9%）死亡，1489例（61.1%）康复。在22211例门诊患者中，93例（0.4%）死亡，22118例（99.6%）康复。在住院病例中，死亡与以下特征相关：男性、40岁以上各年龄组、原住民种族/肤色、住院时间超过10天、在统一卫生系统（SUS）病床和重症监护病房（ICU）住院。根据症状和合并症的临床特征，以下情况较为常见：呼吸困难、肋间凹陷、发绀、高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、心血管疾病、吸烟、肺部疾病、肾脏疾病、神经系统疾病、肿瘤和免疫缺陷。在未住院病例中，死亡与以下因素相关：男性、50岁以上各年龄组、呼吸困难、发绀、高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、心血管疾病、肾脏疾病、神经系统疾病、肿瘤和肝脏疾病。
老年人、男性和白种人通常易感染COVID-19，当他们存在肥胖和吸烟等可改变的风险因素以及心血管疾病、神经系统疾病、肾脏疾病、高血压、糖尿病和免疫抑制等不可改变的风险因素时，病情可能会加重。
