College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
Foundation Department of Education, Shandong Communication and Media College, Jinan, China.
PeerJ. 2024 Apr 24;12:e17097. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17097. eCollection 2024.
The Global School Student Health Survey (GSHS) is being carried out by students in various countries across the globe to advance improved health programs for youth. However, in comparison to high-income countries, adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are generally at an early stage of understanding regarding physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB), often exhibiting low levels of PA and high levels of SB. Furthermore, there is limited evidence connecting PA and SB in school-going adolescents from LMICs.
The objective of this review was to synthesize the available evidence regarding PA and sedentary behavior among school-going adolescents in LMICs using data from the GSHS.
On March 18, 2023, a systematic literature search was performed across four electronic databases, namely Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO with n odaterestrictions. Studies were eligible if they: (1) utilization of data sourced from the Global Student-based Health Survey; (2) exploration of physical activity; (3) specific focus on adolescents; (4) conducted in low- and middle-income countries; (5) study design encompassing observational; (6) published as English journal articles.
Among the 29 studies included in the analysis, the majority revealed elevated levels of sedentary behavior and diminished levels of PA in low- and middle-income countries. Furthermore, notable disparities in physical engagement and sedentary behavior were noted between male and female adolescents ( < 0.001). Augmented PA among teenagers was observed to correlate with higher consumption of vegetables and fruits (AOR = 1.30; 95% CI [1.13-1.50]; < 0.001), decreased alcohol consumption, and a reduced prevalence of loneliness and depression (aOR 1.37, 95% CI [1.18-1.59]).
The results of this review affirm that in contrast to high-income countries, adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are in the early stages of comprehending physical activity, marked by low levels of PA. Physical activity and sedentary behavior in school-going adolescents from LMICs appear to be influenced by factors such as policies, cultural norms, socioeconomic conditions, as well as gender, and age.
全球学校学生健康调查（GSHS）正在全球各国的学生中进行，旨在为青少年推进改善健康计划。然而，与高收入国家相比，低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）的青少年在理解身体活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）方面通常处于早期阶段，他们通常表现出低水平的 PA 和高水平的 SB。此外，来自 LMICs 的在校青少年中，PA 和 SB 之间的关联证据有限。
本综述的目的是利用 GSHS 中的数据综合分析 LMICs 中在校青少年的 PA 和久坐行为的现有证据。
2023 年 3 月 18 日，在四个电子数据库（Web of Science、PubMed、ScienceDirect 和 EBSCO）中进行了系统的文献搜索，没有时间限制。如果研究符合以下标准，则符合入选条件：（1）利用源自全球学生健康调查的数据；（2）探索身体活动；（3）特别关注青少年；（4）在低收入和中等收入国家进行；（5）包括观察性研究设计；（6）以英文期刊文章形式发表。
在纳入分析的 29 项研究中，大多数研究显示低收入和中等收入国家的青少年久坐行为水平升高，PA 水平降低。此外，男女青少年在身体参与和久坐行为方面存在显著差异（<0.001）。青少年的 PA 增加与更高的蔬菜和水果摄入量（AOR=1.30；95%CI[1.13-1.50]；<0.001）、减少酒精摄入以及降低孤独和抑郁的患病率（aOR 1.37，95%CI[1.18-1.59]）相关。
本综述的结果证实，与高收入国家相比，低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）的青少年在理解身体活动方面处于早期阶段，表现为低水平的 PA。来自 LMICs 的在校青少年的 PA 和久坐行为似乎受到政策、文化规范、社会经济条件以及性别和年龄等因素的影响。
