Faculty of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
College of Education Sciences, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Oct 17;12:1432710. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1432710. eCollection 2024.
24-h movement guidelines (24-HMG) play an important role in various demographics such as early years, children, youth, and the older adult. Nevertheless, most existing research exploring the links between socioeconomic factors, dietary intake, and substance use with sleep patterns, physical activity (PA), and sedentary behavior (SB) has been conducted in high-income Western countries.
Hence, this study seeks to investigate the relationship between adherence to the 24-HMG and smoking and alcohol use behaviors among children and adolescents in China.
A comprehensive survey, in collaboration with the Municipal Education Commission, was carried out across primary and middle schools in Shenzhen, China. Sleep duration was gauged using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), screen time was assessed with items adapted from the Health Behavior of School-aged Children (HBSC) survey, and PA was measured using a single item adapted from the HBSC survey. Results were presented as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), considering -values below 0.05 as statistically significant.
Among the sample, 51.9% were boys and 48% were girls. Those who did not meet any guidelines had a higher probability of smoking (OR = 1.62 [95% CI: 1.03, 2.56], = 0.037) among children and adolescents. Conversely, meeting one (OR = 0.94 [95% CI: 0.61, 1.52], = 0.874) or two guidelines (OR = 0.84 [95% CI: 0.52, 1.34], = 0.459) showed no significant impact. The data displayed an inverse correlation between the number of guidelines adhered to and the likelihood of alcohol use among children and adolescents: none (OR = 2.07, < 0.001), one guideline (OR = 1.40, = 0.006), and two guidelines (OR = 1.22, = 0.106).
Not meeting guidelines elevates smoking and alcohol use risks in children and adolescents, whereas following more guidelines lowers these risks, highlighting the importance of guideline adherence in reducing substance use.
24 小时运动指南（24-HMG）在各个年龄段（如幼儿、儿童、青少年和老年人）都发挥着重要作用。然而，大多数现有的探索社会经济因素、饮食摄入和物质使用与睡眠模式、身体活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）之间联系的研究都是在高收入的西方国家进行的。
因此，本研究旨在探讨中国儿童和青少年对 24-HMG 的遵守程度与吸烟和饮酒行为之间的关系。
本研究与深圳市市教委合作，在中国的小学和中学开展了一项全面的调查。睡眠时长通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）进行评估，屏幕时间通过健康行为的青少年研究（HBSC）调查中的项目进行评估，PA 使用 HBSC 调查中的一个项目进行评估。结果表示为比值比（ORs）和 95%置信区间（CIs），考虑到低于 0.05 的 值具有统计学意义。
在样本中，51.9%为男孩，48%为女孩。不符合任何指南的儿童和青少年吸烟的可能性更高（OR=1.62[95%CI：1.03，2.56]， =0.037）。相反，符合一条（OR=0.94[95%CI：0.61，1.52]， =0.874）或两条指南（OR=0.84[95%CI：0.52，1.34]， =0.459）则没有显著影响。数据显示，儿童和青少年遵循的指南数量与饮酒可能性之间呈反比关系：无（OR=2.07， <0.001）、一条（OR=1.40， =0.006）和两条（OR=1.22， =0.106）。
不符合指南会增加儿童和青少年吸烟和饮酒的风险，而遵循更多的指南则会降低这些风险，这突出了遵守指南在减少物质使用方面的重要性。
