Mahboubi Fatemeh, Mohammadnejad Javad, Khaleghi Sepideh
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Apr 18;10(8):e29876. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29876. eCollection 2024 Apr 30.
Without a doubt, cancer and its negative impact on human health have created many hurdles for people across the world since conventional approaches have not offered a reliable ability in the eradication of cancer. As a result, finding novel approaches, like using bimodal nanoparticles as a potential nanocarrier in molecular imaging and cancer therapy, is remarkably required these days. In the present study, ex-situ (Ge) and in-situ (Gi) green synthesized silver (Ag) nanoparticles entrapped in metal-organic framework nanocomposites (NMOF) coated with folic acid (FA) targeted chitosan (CS) was successfully developed as a novel bifunctional nanocarrier for detection and treatment of colon cancer cells. Then nanocarriers, such as NMOF-CS-FA, Ge-Ag@NMOF-CS-FA, Gi-Ag@NMOF-CS-FA, and C-Ag@NMOF-CS-FA, were characterized via FT-IR, DLS, SERS, TEM, and SEM and results have potentially confirmed the quality and quantity of synthesized nanocomposites. The hydrodynamic diameters of NMOF-CS, Ge-Ag@NMOF-CS, Gi-Ag@NMOF-CS, and C-Ag@NMOF-CS specimens were measured at around 99.7 ± 10 nm, 110 ± 10 nm, 118 ± 10 nm, 115 ± 10 nm, respectively. Also, the PDI values less than 0.2 confirm the reliable distribution of these nanocomposites. Afterward, the cell viability assay was conducted on HCT116 and HGF cell lines for evaluating biocompatibility and targeting efficiency of nanocomposites; FA functionalized nanocomposites have intensively indicated better performance in cancer cells targeting and their inhibition, and IC50 was attained for 10 ng/mL of Ge-Ag@NMOF-CS-FA while non-targeted nanocarriers did not have toxicity more than 20 % on HCT116 colon cancer cells. Moreover, according to the results, the cell viability of HGF normal cells was at least 85 % after being exposed to different concentrations of nanocomposites for 24 h. This indicates that the synthesized nanocomposites do not have significant toxic effects on normal cells. The results indicate that this novel nanocomposite has the potential to effectively deliver drugs to cancer cells.
毫无疑问，癌症及其对人类健康的负面影响给全世界的人们带来了诸多障碍，因为传统方法在根除癌症方面并未展现出可靠的能力。因此，如今迫切需要寻找新的方法，比如使用双峰纳米颗粒作为分子成像和癌症治疗中的潜在纳米载体。在本研究中，成功开发出了包裹在涂有叶酸（FA）的靶向壳聚糖（CS）的金属有机框架纳米复合材料（NMOF）中的异位（Ge）和原位（Gi）绿色合成银（Ag）纳米颗粒，作为一种用于检测和治疗结肠癌细胞的新型双功能纳米载体。然后，通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、动态光散射（DLS）、表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对NMOF-CS-FA、Ge-Ag@NMOF-CS-FA、Gi-Ag@NMOF-CS-FA和C-Ag@NMOF-CS-FA等纳米载体进行了表征，结果潜在地证实了合成纳米复合材料的质量和数量。NMOF-CS、Ge-Ag@NMOF-CS、Gi-Ag@NMOF-CS和C-Ag@NMOF-CS样品的流体动力学直径分别测量为约99.7±10纳米、110±10纳米、118±10纳米、115±10纳米。此外，小于0.2的多分散指数（PDI）值证实了这些纳米复合材料的可靠分布。随后，对HCT116和HGF细胞系进行了细胞活力测定，以评估纳米复合材料的生物相容性和靶向效率；FA功能化的纳米复合材料在癌细胞靶向及其抑制方面表现出更好的性能，Ge-Ag@NMOF-CS-FA的半数抑制浓度（IC50）为10纳克/毫升，而非靶向纳米载体对HCT116结肠癌细胞的毒性不超过20%。此外，根据结果，HGF正常细胞在暴露于不同浓度的纳米复合材料24小时后的细胞活力至少为85%。这表明合成的纳米复合材料对正常细胞没有显著的毒性作用。结果表明，这种新型纳米复合材料有潜力有效地将药物递送至癌细胞。
