Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 30;14(1):9934. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-60775-3.
Legacy phosphorus (P) is a reservoir of sparingly available P, and its recovery could enhance sustainable use of nonrenewable mineral fertilizers. Domestication has affected P acquisition, but it is unknown if subsequent breeding efforts, like the Green Revolution (GR), had a similar effect. We examined how domestication and breeding events altered P acquisition by growing wild, traditional (pre-GR), and modern (post-GR) tomato in soil with legacy P but low bioavailable P. Wild tomatoes, particularly accession LA0716 (Solanum pennellii), heavily cultured rhizosphere P solubilizers, suggesting reliance on microbial associations to acquire P. Wild tomato also had a greater abundance of other putatively beneficial bacteria, including those that produce chelating agents and antibiotic compounds. Although wild tomatoes had a high abundance of these P solubilizers, they had lower relative biomass and greater P stress factor than traditional or modern tomato. Compared to wild tomato, domesticated tomato was more tolerant to P deficiency, and both cultivated groups had a similar rhizosphere bacterial community composition. Ultimately, this study suggests that while domestication changed tomato P recovery by reducing microbial associations, subsequent breeding processes have not further impacted microbial P acquisition mechanisms. Selecting microbial P-related traits that diminished with domestication may therefore increase legacy P solubilization.
传统磷（P）是一种难溶性磷的储备库，回收传统磷可以提高不可再生矿物肥料的可持续利用。驯化已经影响了磷的获取，但尚不清楚随后的选育工作，如绿色革命（GR），是否有类似的影响。我们研究了驯化和选育事件如何通过在含有传统磷但生物可利用磷低的土壤中种植野生、传统（GR 前）和现代（GR 后）番茄来改变磷的获取。野生番茄，特别是 LA0716（Solanum pennellii），大量培养根际磷溶解剂，表明依赖微生物共生关系来获取磷。野生番茄还具有更多其他潜在有益细菌的丰富度，包括那些产生螯合剂和抗生素化合物的细菌。尽管野生番茄含有大量的这些磷溶解剂，但它们的相对生物量较低，磷胁迫因子较高，而传统或现代番茄则较低。与野生番茄相比，驯化后的番茄对磷缺乏更耐受，而且两个栽培组的根际细菌群落组成相似。最终，这项研究表明，虽然驯化通过减少微生物共生关系改变了番茄对磷的回收，但随后的选育过程并没有进一步影响微生物获取磷的机制。选择在驯化过程中减少的与微生物磷相关的特性可能会增加传统磷的溶解。
