Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.
College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2024 Jun;79(2):387-393. doi: 10.1007/s11130-024-01184-9. Epub 2024 May 1.
Morus alba known as a white mulberry is a medicinal plant that has been used in food ingredients and traditional medicine. M. alba leaves contain various bioactive phenolic compounds, in particular chlorogenic acid (CGA), which is a major bioactive ingredient. Their anticancer potency of M. alba leaf extracts derived from Soxhlet extraction was evaluated based on cytotoxicity and antimigratory and antiinvasive properties. The dichloromethane extract exhibited the highest nitric oxide radical scavenging activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) value of 780 μg/mL, promising cytotoxicity against HuCCA-1, MCF-7, and A-549 cells with IC values of 59.18, 62.20, and 103.25 μg/mL, respectively. CGA selectively inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells with an IC value of 26.75 μg/mL and showed potent radical scavenging activity against DPPH radicals (IC = 18.85 μg/mL). An ethanolic extract derived from the gradient Soxhlet extraction suppressed A549 lung cancer cell migration and invasion more effectively than CGA with no migratory inhibition effect on noncancerous HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the ethanolic extract and CGA accelerated HaCaT wound closure at 20 µg/mL, which was the same as allantoin. Bioactive ingredients including triterpenes, steroids, phenolics, and flavonoids were mainly detected in all extracts. The highest content of CGA (52.23 g/100 g dry weight) was found in the ethanolic extract derived from the gradient Soxhlet extraction. These findings show the potency of the dichloromethane extract as a cytotoxic agent against various cancer types and the ethanolic extract as an antimetastatic agent by their antimigratory and antiinvasive activities.
白桑，又称桑树，是一种药用植物，在食品成分和传统医学中都有应用。白桑叶含有多种生物活性酚类化合物，特别是绿原酸（CGA），它是一种主要的生物活性成分。本研究基于细胞毒性、抗迁移和抗侵袭特性，评估了索氏提取法得到的白桑叶提取物的抗癌潜力。二氯甲烷提取物表现出最高的一氧化氮自由基清除活性，半数最大抑制浓度（IC）值为 780μg/mL，对 HuCCA-1、MCF-7 和 A-549 细胞表现出有希望的细胞毒性，IC 值分别为 59.18、62.20 和 103.25μg/mL。CGA 选择性地抑制 MCF-7 细胞的生长，IC 值为 26.75μg/mL，对 DPPH 自由基表现出很强的清除活性（IC = 18.85μg/mL）。来自梯度索氏提取的乙醇提取物对 A549 肺癌细胞的迁移和侵袭抑制作用比 CGA 更有效，对非癌细胞 HaCaT 没有迁移抑制作用。此外，乙醇提取物和 CGA 以 20μg/mL 的浓度加速 HaCaT 伤口闭合，与尿囊素的效果相同。所有提取物中主要检测到三萜类、类固醇、酚类和类黄酮等生物活性成分。乙醇提取物中 CGA 的含量最高（52.23g/100g 干重）。二氯甲烷提取物具有抗多种癌症的细胞毒性，乙醇提取物具有抗迁移和抗侵袭活性，可作为抗转移剂。
