Department of Pediatric Dentistry - School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo.
Department of Pharmaceutical Science, GNanobio Lab - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo.
J Oleo Sci. 2024;73(5):709-716. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess23155.
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol derived from Green Tea, is one of the sources of natural bioactive compounds which are currently being developed as medicinal ingredients. Besides other biological activities, this natural compound exhibits anti-cariogenic effects. However, EGCG has low physical-chemical stability and poor bioavailability. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop and characterize lipid-chitosan hybrid nanoparticle with EGCG and to evaluate its in vitro activity against cariogenic planktonic microorganisms. Lipid-chitosan hybrid nanoparticle (LCHNP-EGCG) were prepared by emulsion and sonication method in one step and characterized according to diameter, polydispersity index (PdI), zeta potential (ZP), encapsulation efficiency (EE), mucoadhesion capacity and morphology. Strains of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus casei were treated with LCHNP- EGCG, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated. LCHNP-EGCG exhibited a size of 217.3 ± 5.1 nm with a low polydispersity index (0.17) and positive zeta potential indicating the presence of chitosan on the lipid nanoparticle surface (+33.7 mV). The LCHNP-EGCG showed a spherical morphology, high stability and a mucoadhesive property due to the presence of chitosan coating. In addition, the EGCG encapsulation efficiency was 96%. A reduction of almost 15-fold in the MIC and MBC against the strains was observed when EGCG was encapsulated in LCHNP, indicating the potential of EGCG encapsulation in lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles. Taking the results together, the LCHNP-EGCG could be an interesting system to use in dental care due to their nanometric size, mucoadhesive properties high antibacterial activity against relevant planktonic microorganisms.
表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）是一种源自绿茶的多酚，是目前正在开发的药用成分的天然生物活性化合物来源之一。除了其他生物活性外，这种天然化合物还具有抗龋作用。然而，EGCG 的物理化学稳定性低，生物利用度差。因此，本研究的目的是开发和表征载 EGCG 的脂质-壳聚糖杂化纳米粒子，并评估其对致龋浮游微生物的体外活性。脂质-壳聚糖杂化纳米粒子（LCHNP-EGCG）通过乳液和超声法一步法制备，并根据粒径、多分散指数（PdI）、Zeta 电位（ZP）、包封效率（EE）、粘膜粘附能力和形态进行表征。用 LCHNP-EGCG 处理变形链球菌、远缘链球菌和干酪乳杆菌，评估最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MBC）。LCHNP-EGCG 的粒径为 217.3±5.1nm，多分散指数低（0.17），Zeta 电位为正（+33.7mV），表明脂质纳米粒子表面存在壳聚糖（+33.7mV）。LCHNP-EGCG 呈球形形态，具有高稳定性和粘膜粘附性，这是由于存在壳聚糖涂层。此外，EGCG 的包封效率为 96%。当 EGCG 被包封在 LCHNP 中时，对这些菌株的 MIC 和 MBC 降低了近 15 倍，表明 EGCG 包封在脂质-聚合物杂化纳米粒子中的潜力。综上所述，由于 LCHNP-EGCG 的纳米尺寸、粘膜粘附特性、对相关浮游微生物的高抗菌活性，它可能是一种用于口腔护理的有趣系统。
