积极的视频游戏可提高老年人与健康相关的身体适应性：系统评价和荟萃分析。
Active video games for improving health-related physical fitness in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
School of Computer Information Sciences, University of the Cumberlands, Williamsburg, KY, United States.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2024 Apr 17;12:1345244. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1345244. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
The global population is experiencing a rapid rise in the quantity and percentage of older people. In an effort to enhance physical activity among older adults, active video games (AVGs) are being suggested as a compelling alternative and are currently under scrutiny to evaluate their efficacy in promoting the health of older people.
OBJECTIVE
This review aims to synthesize current studies and formulate conclusions regarding the impact of AVGs on the health-related physical fitness of older adults.
METHODS
Seven databases (PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL) were searched from inception to January 21, 2024. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials examining the effect of AVGs compared to control conditions on health-related physical fitness outcomes in older adults. The methodological quality of the included trials was assessed using the PEDro scale, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. A random-effects model was used to calculate effect sizes (ES; Hedge's g) between experimental and control groups.
RESULTS
The analysis included 24 trials with a total of 1428 older adults (all ≥ 60 years old). Compared to controls, AVGs produced significant increases in muscular strength (moderate ES = 0.64-0.68, < 0.05) and cardiorespiratory fitness (moderate ES = 0.79, < 0.001). However, no significant effects were found for body composition (trivial ES = 0.12-0.14; > 0.05) and flexibility (trivial ES = 0.08; = 0.677). The beneficial effects of AVGs were greater after a duration of ≥ 12 vs. < 12 weeks (cardiorespiratory fitness; ES = 1.04 vs. 0.29, = 0.028) and following ≥ 60 minutes vs. < 60 minutes of session duration (muscular strength; ES = 1.20-1.24 vs. 0.27-0.42, < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
AVGs appear to be an effective tool for enhancing muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults, although their impact on improving body composition and flexibility seems limited. Optimal improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with a longer duration of AVGs (≥ 12 weeks). Moreover, a session duration of ≥ 60 minutes may provide greater benefits for the muscular strength of older adults.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=482568, identifier CRD42023482568.
背景
全球人口正经历着老年人数量和比例的快速增长。为了提高老年人的身体活动水平，积极的视频游戏（AVG）被认为是一种很有吸引力的选择，目前正在受到审查，以评估其在促进老年人健康方面的功效。
目的
本综述旨在综合当前的研究结果，形成关于 AVG 对老年人健康相关体适能影响的结论。
方法
从建库到 2024 年 1 月 21 日，我们在 7 个数据库（PubMed、Web of Science、SCOPUS、SPORTDiscus、EMBASE、MEDLINE 和 CINAHL）中进行了检索。纳入的研究包括随机对照试验，比较了 AVG 与对照组条件对老年人健康相关体适能结果的影响。使用 PEDro 量表评估纳入试验的方法学质量，使用 GRADE 方法评估证据的确定性。使用随机效应模型计算实验组和对照组之间的效应大小（ES；Hedge's g）。
结果
分析纳入了 24 项试验，共纳入了 1428 名老年人（均≥60 岁）。与对照组相比，AVG 显著提高了肌肉力量（中等 ES=0.64-0.68，<0.05）和心肺适能（中等 ES=0.79，<0.001）。然而，身体成分（微小 ES=0.12-0.14；>0.05）和灵活性（微小 ES=0.08；=0.677）没有显著影响。AVG 的有益效果在持续时间≥12 周与<12 周（心肺适能；ES=1.04 与 0.29，=0.028）和持续时间≥60 分钟与<60 分钟（肌肉力量；ES=1.20-1.24 与 0.27-0.42，<0.05）之间存在差异。
结论
AVG 似乎是提高老年人肌肉力量和心肺适能的有效工具，尽管其改善身体成分和灵活性的效果似乎有限。心肺适能的最佳改善与 AVG 的持续时间较长（≥12 周）有关。此外，≥60 分钟的运动时间可能会使老年人的肌肉力量得到更大的改善。
系统评价注册
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=482568，标识符 CRD42023482568。
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