Cristiano P, Abbate G F, Alagia I, Leonessa V, Giaquinto E, Savioli L
Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1985;11(1):39-48.
The in vitro antimicrobial activity of imipenem against recent clinical isolates of Pseudomonas spp. (94 strains) and penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. (50 Staph. aureus and 50 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus) was assessed using the Mueller-Hinton agar dilution method. Results were compared with those simultaneously obtained for amikacin, netilmicin, tobramycin, norfloxacin, piperacillin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and azthreonam against Pseudomonas spp., and for rifampicin, clindamycin, netilmicin and cefoxitin, besides penicillin and methacillin, against Staphylococcus spp. About 50 and 90% of 84 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were inhibited by concentrations of imipenem equal to or less than 2 and 8 mg/l respectively. The in vitro activity of imipenem was comparable to that of ceftazidime and norfloxacin, but superior to that of the aminoglycosides and all the other antibiotics tested, in terms of potency by weight. Among other Pseudomonas spp. only P. malthophilia (2 strains) proved resistant to imipenem. Rifampicin was the most active antibiotic by weight against Staph. aureus but imipenem was more active than clindamycin and, especially, netilmicin and cefoxitin. Imipenem was highly active also against coagulase-negative staphylococci, with some differences related to the high incidence of methicillin-resistant strains. MICs of imipenem in Mueller-Hinton broth correlated with those obtained in agar, unlike the aminoglycosides. There were no significant inoculum effects on MICs of imipenem and MBCs were within one twofold dilution of MICs in over 75% of assays.
采用 Mueller-Hinton 琼脂稀释法评估亚胺培南对近期分离的假单胞菌属临床菌株（94 株）及耐青霉素葡萄球菌属（50 株金黄色葡萄球菌和 50 株凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌）的体外抗菌活性。将结果与同时获得的阿米卡星、奈替米星、妥布霉素、诺氟沙星、哌拉西林、头孢他啶、头孢曲松和氨曲南对假单胞菌属的结果，以及利福平、克林霉素、奈替米星和头孢西丁（除青霉素和甲氧西林外）对葡萄球菌属的结果进行比较。84 株铜绿假单胞菌分离株中，分别约有 50%和 90%被浓度等于或低于 2mg/l 和 8mg/l 的亚胺培南抑制。就重量效价而言，亚胺培南的体外活性与头孢他啶和诺氟沙星相当，但优于氨基糖苷类及所有其他受试抗生素。在其他假单胞菌属中，仅嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌（2 株）对亚胺培南耐药。利福平是按重量计对金黄色葡萄球菌活性最强的抗生素，但亚胺培南比克林霉素更具活性，尤其比对奈替米星和头孢西丁更具活性。亚胺培南对凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌也具有高活性，不过与耐甲氧西林菌株的高发生率存在一些差异。与氨基糖苷类不同，亚胺培南在 Mueller-Hinton 肉汤中的 MIC 与在琼脂中获得的结果相关。亚胺培南的 MIC 不存在显著的接种量效应，且在超过 75%的试验中，MBC 在 MIC 的两倍稀释范围内。
