Memory Clinic Ochanomizu, Tokyo, Japan.
Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2024;99(2):549-558. doi: 10.3233/JAD-231165.
Interventions to prevent or attenuate cognitive decline and dementia in older adults are becoming increasingly important. Recently, cognitive training exercise can be via computer or mobile technology for independent or home use. Recent meta-analysis has reported that Computerized Cognitive Training (CCT) is effective at enhancing cognitive function in healthy older and Alzheimer's disease adults, although little is known about individual characteristics of each computerized program.
We developed a new CCT named Brain Training Based on Everyday Living (BTEL) to enhance cognitive capacity for Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). We aim to evaluate the efficacy of the BTEL among cognitively healthy old individuals and to explore its concurrent validity and construct concept.
We conducted a double-blind study where 106 individuals aged 65 years and older (intervened = 53, control = 53) worked on the active and placebo tasks three times a week over three months (clinical trial: UMIN000048730). The main results were examined using ANCOVA and calculating correlation coefficients.
We found no effect on total score of the three tests; however, there was significant effect for the BTEL on: recognition in MMSE, and immediate recall in HDSR. The tasks are associated with prefrontal cortex. In addition, correlations indicated that each BTEL domain had some validity as a cognitive assessment tool. Different from previous CCT, we determined the neuropsychological characteristics of specific cognitive tasks of the BTEL to a certain degree.
We found modest efficacy of the BTEL in cognitively healthy old individuals and confirmed its concurrent validity and the conceptual construct.
预防或减缓老年人认知能力下降和痴呆的干预措施变得越来越重要。最近，认知训练可以通过计算机或移动技术进行，供独立或家庭使用。最近的荟萃分析报告称，计算机化认知训练（CCT）在增强健康老年人和阿尔茨海默病成年人的认知功能方面是有效的，尽管对于每个计算机程序的个体特征知之甚少。
我们开发了一种新的 CCT，名为基于日常生活的大脑训练（BTEL），以增强工具性日常生活活动（IADL）的认知能力。我们旨在评估 BTEL 在认知健康老年人中的疗效，并探讨其同时效度和结构概念。
我们进行了一项双盲研究，106 名年龄在 65 岁及以上的个体（干预组=53，对照组=53）每周三次，在三个月内进行主动和安慰剂任务（临床试验：UMIN000048730）。主要结果采用协方差分析（ANCOVA）和计算相关系数进行检验。
我们没有发现三组测试的总分有影响；然而，BTEL 对 MMSE 中的识别和 HDSR 中的即时回忆有显著影响。这些任务与前额叶皮层有关。此外，相关性表明，BTEL 的每个领域都具有一定的作为认知评估工具的有效性。与以前的 CCT 不同，我们在一定程度上确定了 BTEL 特定认知任务的神经心理学特征。
我们发现 BTEL 在认知健康的老年人中具有适度的疗效，并证实了其同时效度和概念结构。
