Ma Huihuang, Liu Haiyan, Lv Tianxiang, Xu Yiqing, Zhou Xiaodong, Zhang Liangshun
Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 May 15;16(19):25568-25580. doi: 10.1021/acsami.4c02725. Epub 2024 May 3.
Continuous-wave lasers can cause irreversible damage to structured materials in a very short time. Modern high-energy laser protection materials are mainly constructed from ceramic, polymer, and metal constitutions. However, these materials are protected by sacrificing their structural integrity under the irradiation of high-energy lasers. In this contribution, we reported multilayer fibrous felt-reinforced aerogels that can sustain the continuous irradiation of a laser at a power density of 120 MW·m without structural damage. It is found that the exceptional high-energy laser protection performance and the comparable mechanical properties of aerogel nanocomposites are attributed to the unique characteristics of hierarchical porous architectures. In comparison with various preparation methods and other aerogel materials, multilayer fibrous felt-reinforced aerogels exhibit the best performance in high-energy laser protection, arising from the gradual interception and the Raman-Rayleigh scattering cycles of a high-energy laser in the porous aerogels. Furthermore, a near-zero thermal expansion coefficient and extremely low thermal conductivity at high temperature allow the lightweight felt-reinforced aerogels to be applied in extreme conditions. The felt-reinforced aerogels reported herein offer an attractive material that can withstand complex thermomechanical stress and retain excellent insulation properties at extremely high temperature.
连续波激光可在极短时间内对结构化材料造成不可逆的损伤。现代高能激光防护材料主要由陶瓷、聚合物和金属构成。然而，这些材料在高能激光照射下会以牺牲其结构完整性为代价来实现防护。在本论文中，我们报道了多层纤维毡增强气凝胶，其能够承受功率密度为120 MW·m的激光持续照射而不发生结构损伤。研究发现，气凝胶纳米复合材料卓越的高能激光防护性能和相当的力学性能归因于其分级多孔结构的独特特性。与各种制备方法及其他气凝胶材料相比，多层纤维毡增强气凝胶在高能激光防护方面表现出最佳性能，这源于高能激光在多孔气凝胶中的逐步拦截以及拉曼 - 瑞利散射循环。此外，接近零的热膨胀系数和高温下极低的热导率使得轻质毡增强气凝胶能够应用于极端条件。本文报道的毡增强气凝胶提供了一种有吸引力的材料，它能够承受复杂的热机械应力，并在极高温度下保持优异的隔热性能。
