Ren Li, Li Zhaoling, Wu Ji, Duan Lian, Gao Jialiang
Cardiovascular Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024 May 1;17:1999-2011. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S463043. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) among elderly coronary heart disease (CHD) patients toward self-perceived health abilities.
This web-based study was carried out between April 2023 and September 2023 at Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. A self-developed questionnaire was utilized to collect demographic information from elderly CHD patients, and evaluate their KAP towards self-perceived health abilities.
A total of 568 valid questionnaires were collected. Among the participants, the average age was 65.97±5.50 years, and 298 (52.46%) were female, and the mean scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practices were 6.34±2.29 (possible range: 0-9), 35.24±4.99 (possible range: 9-45), and 27.79±10.09 (possible range: 9-45), respectively. The structural equation model demonstrated that elderly CHD patients' knowledge directly affects attitudes and practices, with path coefficient of 0.93 (P<0.001) and 0.39 (P=0.033), respectively. Moreover, attitudes play an intermediary role between knowledge and practice with path coefficient of 0.75 (P<0.001). Furthermore, residence directly affects knowledge with path coefficient of 0.67 (P<0.001), cardiac function directly affects knowledge with path coefficient of -0.97 (P<0.001) and history of interventional therapy directly affects practice with path coefficient of 4.23 (P<0.001).
Elderly CHD patients demonstrated sufficient knowledge, positive attitudes, and proactive practices towards self-perceived health abilities. However, educational programs and behavior modification are recommended, particularly for elderly with lower age and education, living in rural areas, lacking interventional therapy, obese, or taking multiple CHD medications.
本研究旨在评估老年冠心病（CHD）患者对自我认知健康能力的知识、态度和行为（KAP）。
本基于网络的研究于2023年4月至2023年9月在中国中医科学院广安门医院开展。采用自行编制的问卷收集老年冠心病患者的人口统计学信息，并评估他们对自我认知健康能力的KAP。
共收集到568份有效问卷。参与者的平均年龄为65.97±5.50岁，女性298人（52.46%），知识、态度和行为的平均得分分别为6.34±2.29（可能范围：0 - 9）、35.24±4.99（可能范围：9 - 45）和27.79±10.09（可能范围：9 - 45）。结构方程模型表明，老年冠心病患者的知识直接影响态度和行为，路径系数分别为0.93（P<0.001）和0.39（P = 0.033）。此外，态度在知识和行为之间起中介作用，路径系数为0.75（P<0.001）。此外，居住地直接影响知识，路径系数为0.67（P<0.001），心功能直接影响知识，路径系数为 - 0.97（P<0.001），介入治疗史直接影响行为，路径系数为4.23（P<0.001）。
老年冠心病患者对自我认知健康能力表现出足够的知识、积极的态度和主动的行为。然而，建议开展教育项目并进行行为矫正，特别是针对年龄和教育程度较低、居住在农村地区、缺乏介入治疗、肥胖或服用多种冠心病药物的老年人。
