Lake Eyob Shitie, Abita Zinie, Erega Besfat Berihun
Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2024 Apr 25;10(9):e30093. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30093. eCollection 2024 May 15.
Birth asphyxia is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality, which accounts for around 24 % of overall neonatal mortality. Neonatal death usually results from preventable factors. Thus, this study has aimed to identify the determinant factors of birth asphyxia among newborns in South Gondar Zone public hospitals.
Institution based unmatched case control study and systematic random sampling technique was conducted in South Gondar zone public hospitals from March October 2021 to May 20/2021. A pretested interviewer administered questionnaire and a data retrieving checklist was used for data collection. Cases were selected if one of the following was present at birth: (gasping, no breathing, or breathing rate of below 30 per minute). Epidata version 4.6 software was used for data entry and bivariate logistic regression and multivariable logistic regression techniques were used for data analysis using SPSS version 23.
In this study, Instrumental delivery (AOR = 3.19, 95%CI: 1.23-8.36), labor abnormality (AOR = 3.24, 95%CI: 1.31-8.03), cord prolapse (AOR = 7.06, 95%CI:2.25-22.50),APH (AOR = 4.68,95%CI:2.00-10.95) and preterm birth (AOR = 3.84,95%CI:1.32-11.20) were predictors of birth asphyxia.
Labor abnormality, ante-partum hemorrhage, cord prolapse, instrumental delivery and preterm birth were independent predictors of birth asphyxia.
出生窒息是新生儿死亡的主要原因之一，约占新生儿总死亡率的24%。新生儿死亡通常由可预防因素导致。因此，本研究旨在确定南贡德尔地区公立医院新生儿出生窒息的决定因素。
2021年3月至10月以及2021年5月20日在南贡德尔地区公立医院开展了基于机构的非匹配病例对照研究及系统随机抽样技术。采用经过预测试的访谈式问卷和数据检索清单进行数据收集。若出生时出现以下情况之一则选为病例：（喘息、无呼吸或呼吸频率低于每分钟30次）。使用Epidata 4.6软件进行数据录入，并使用SPSS 23软件采用双变量逻辑回归和多变量逻辑回归技术进行数据分析。
在本研究中，器械助产（比值比=3.19，95%置信区间：1.23 - 8.36）、产程异常（比值比=3.24，95%置信区间：1.31 - 8.03）、脐带脱垂（比值比=7.06，95%置信区间：2.25 - 22.50）、产前出血（比值比=4.68，95%置信区间：2.00 - 10.95）和早产（比值比=3.84，95%置信区间：1.32 - 11.20）是出生窒息的预测因素。
产程异常、产前出血脐带脱垂、器械助产和早产是出生窒息的独立预测因素。
