Physics-Based Machine Learning Models Predict Carbon Dioxide Solubility in Chemically Reactive Deep Eutectic Solvents.

Carbon dioxide (CO) is a detrimental greenhouse gas and is the main contributor to global warming. In addressing this environmental challenge, a promising approach emerges through the utilization of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as an ecofriendly and sustainable medium for effective CO capture. Chemically reactive DESs, which form chemical bonds with the CO, are superior to nonreactive, physically based DESs for CO absorption. However, there are no accurate computational models that provide accurate predictions of the CO solubility in chemically reactive DESs. Here, we develop machine learning (ML) models to predict the solubility of CO in chemically reactive DESs. As training data, we collected 214 data points for the CO solubility in 149 different chemically reactive DESs at different temperatures, pressures, and DES molar ratios from published work. The physics-driven input features for the ML models include σ-profile descriptors that quantify the relative probability of a molecular surface segment having a certain screening charge density and were calculated with the first-principle quantum chemical method COSMO-RS. We show here that, although COSMO-RS does not explicitly calculate chemical reaction profiles, the COSMO-RS-derived σ-profile features can be used to predict bond formation. Of the models trained, an artificial neural network (ANN) provides the most accurate CO solubility prediction with an average absolute relative deviation of 2.94% on the testing sets. Overall, this work provides ML models that can predict CO solubility precisely and thus accelerate the design and application of chemically reactive DESs.