Wright J S, Champagne F, Dever G E, Clark F C
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Georgia Southern College, Statesboro.
Am J Prev Med. 1985 Jan-Feb;1(1):22-9.
This paper examines the relationship between mortality and ruralness in the state of Georgia. In 1979, the rural Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) for deaths from all causes was significantly higher than expected when compared to statewide levels, while the urban SMR was significantly lower (p less than 0.01). Of the 13 leading causes of death, 9 had rural SMRs significantly higher than expected, while only homicide had a significantly greater urban SMR (p less than 0.01). Although much of the rural/urban difference in overall mortality is attributed to the fact that the rural population is older, figures adjusted for age and race still reveal that the rural death rate is significantly higher than the urban rate (p less than 0.01). Furthermore, there are several specific differences when analyzed by cause of death, age, and race that remain unexplained. Specific rural health problems include congenital anomalies, motor vehicle and other accidents, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Specific urban health problems include homicides and cancer. In addition to metropolitan status, a second indicator of ruralness, county population size, was used to analyze the data and produced similar results. As county population size increases, the total mortality decreases.
本文研究了佐治亚州死亡率与乡村属性之间的关系。1979年，与全州水平相比，乡村地区所有死因的标准化死亡率（SMR）显著高于预期，而城市地区的SMR则显著较低（p小于0.01）。在13种主要死因中，9种死因的乡村SMR显著高于预期，而只有杀人罪的城市SMR显著更高（p小于0.01）。尽管总体死亡率的城乡差异很大程度上归因于乡村人口年龄较大这一事实，但经年龄和种族调整后的数字仍显示，乡村死亡率显著高于城市死亡率（p小于0.01）。此外，按死因、年龄和种族分析时，仍存在一些无法解释的具体差异。具体的乡村健康问题包括先天性异常、机动车及其他事故、心脏病和脑血管疾病。具体的城市健康问题包括杀人罪和癌症。除了大都市地位外，乡村属性的第二个指标——县人口规模，也被用于分析数据，并得出了类似的结果。随着县人口规模的增加，总死亡率下降。
