Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Aug 6;22(1):1503. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13940-0.
Prolonged sitting at work should be avoided to reduce the risks of either noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) or musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among office workers. A short duration of breaks in sitting every hour can reduce cardiometabolic risk factors contributing to NCDs. However, the recommendation for a break from sitting at work to reduce the risks of MSDs has not been identified. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether breaking by changing position at work, physical activity, physical fitness, stress and sleep were associated with MSDs among office workers.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 to 2020. Participants aged 20-59 years and using a computer at work ≥ 4 days/week were recruited. Data were collected using an online self-reporting questionnaire for computer users and 5 domains of physical fitness tests. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.
Prevalence of MSDs was 37.9% (n = 207/545) and the most area of complaint were the neck, shoulders and back. A nonsignificant association between physical fitness and MSDs among office workers was obtained. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and comorbidity, moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) ≥ 150 min/week and sitting at work ≥ 4 h/day were MSDs risk factors (OR = 1.57, 95%CI = 1.04-2.37). Frequently changing positions from sitting to standing or walking at work every hour could reduce the risks of MSDs by more than 30%. The risks of MSDs increased among office workers who commuted by staff shuttle bus and personal car and had high to severe stress and slept < 6 h/day (1.6 to 2.4 times).
Our findings indicated MVPA and prolonged sitting were MSD risk factors. We recommend office workers change position from sitting to standing or walking during work every hour and sleep ≥ 6 h/day to reduce risks of MSDs.
为了降低上班族患非传染性疾病（NCD）或肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）的风险，应避免长时间久坐。每小时短暂休息可以减少导致 NCD 的心血管代谢风险因素。然而，减少 MSD 风险的工作时坐姿休息建议尚未确定。因此，本研究旨在确定在工作中通过改变姿势、进行身体活动、保持身体体能、减轻压力和保证充足睡眠是否与上班族的 MSD 相关。
本研究为横断面研究，于 2017 年至 2020 年开展。研究对象为年龄在 20-59 岁之间且每周至少有 4 天在工作中使用计算机的人群。通过在线自报告问卷和 5 项体能测试收集数据。采用比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）和多变量逻辑回归进行统计学分析。
MSD 的患病率为 37.9%（n=207/545），最常见的抱怨部位是颈部、肩部和背部。办公人群的身体体能与 MSD 之间呈无显著关联。在校正年龄、性别、体重指数和并存疾病后，中等到剧烈强度的身体活动（MVPA）≥150 分钟/周和每天工作时久坐≥4 小时是 MSD 的危险因素（OR=1.57，95%CI=1.04-2.37）。每小时频繁地从坐姿改为站立或行走可使 MSD 的风险降低 30%以上。乘坐班车或私家车通勤、压力大（高到严重）且每天睡眠<6 小时的上班族患 MSD 的风险增加（1.6 至 2.4 倍）。
本研究结果表明，MVPA 和长时间久坐是 MSD 的危险因素。我们建议上班族每小时在工作中改变坐姿，改为站立或行走，并保证每天至少睡眠 6 小时，以降低 MSD 的风险。
