Wang Chuanqi, Zheng Kexin, Wang Dali, Yu Hao, Zhao Yun, Fang Hengtong, Zhang Jing
College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Apr 22;11:1349754. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1349754. eCollection 2024.
This study investigated the effects of storage japonica brown rice (SJBR) and bile acids (BA) on the growth performance, meat quality, and intestinal microbiota of growing-finishing Min pigs.
A total of 24 healthy Min pigs with a similar body weight of 42.25 ± 2.13 kg were randomly divided into three groups with eight replicates of one pig each. The groups were as follows: CON (50% corn), SJBR (25% corn +25% SJBR), and SJBR + BA (25% corn +25% SJBR +0.025% hyodeoxycholic acid). The experimental period lasted from day 90 (the end of the nursery phase) to day 210 (the end of the finishing phase).
The results showed the following: (1) Compared with the CON group, there was no significant difference in the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of the SJBR and SJBR + BA groups, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly decreased ( < 0.05). (2) Compared with the CON group, the total protein (TP) content in the serum was significantly increased, and the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) content was significantly decreased ( < 0.05) in the SJBR and SJBR + BA groups; moreover, HDL-C was significantly higher by 35% ( < 0.05) in the SJBR + BA group. (3) There were no significant differences in carcass weight, carcass length, pH, drip loss, cooking loss, and shear force among the groups; the eye muscle area was significantly increased in the SJBR group compared with the CON group ( < 0.05); back fat thickness was significantly decreased in the SJBR + BA group compared with the SJBR group ( < 0.05); and the addition of SJBR significantly increased the mRNA expression of MyHC I in the (LD) muscle of growing-finishing Min pigs ( < 0.05). (4) The cecal bacteria were detected using 16S rDNA, and the proportion of was increased gradually at the genus level, but there was no significant difference among the different groups.
In conclusion, 25% SJBR can improve the growth performance and increase the abundance of intestinal beneficial bacteria, and based on this, adding bile acids can reduce the back fat thickness of growing-finishing Min pigs.
本研究调查了贮藏粳糙米（SJBR）和胆汁酸（BA）对生长育肥期民猪生长性能、肉质和肠道微生物群的影响。
选取24头体重相近（42.25±2.13 kg）的健康民猪，随机分为三组，每组8个重复，每个重复1头猪。分组如下：对照组（50%玉米）、SJBR组（25%玉米+25% SJBR）和SJBR+BA组（25%玉米+25% SJBR+0.025%猪去氧胆酸）。实验期从第90天（保育期结束）至第210天（育肥期结束）。
结果显示如下：（1）与对照组相比，SJBR组和SJBR+BA组的平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）无显著差异，但饲料转化率（FCR）显著降低（P<0.05）。（2）与对照组相比，SJBR组和SJBR+BA组血清总蛋白（TP）含量显著升高，血尿素氮（BUN）含量显著降低（P<0.05）；此外，SJBR+BA组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）显著升高35%（P<0.05）。（3）各组间胴体重、胴体长、pH值、滴水损失、蒸煮损失和剪切力无显著差异；与对照组相比，SJBR组眼肌面积显著增加（P<0.05）；与SJBR组相比，SJBR+BA组背膘厚显著降低（P<0.05）；添加SJBR显著提高了生长育肥期民猪腰大肌（LD）中肌球蛋白重链I（MyHC I）的mRNA表达（P<0.05）。（4）采用16S rDNA检测盲肠细菌，在属水平上拟杆菌属比例逐渐增加，但不同组间无显著差异。
总之，25%的SJBR可改善生长性能并增加肠道有益菌丰度，在此基础上添加胆汁酸可降低生长育肥期民猪的背膘厚。
