Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, Olsztyn, 10-748, Poland.
Department of Sturgeon Fish Breeding, Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Pozezdrze, Pieczarki, 11-610, Poland.
BMC Genomics. 2024 May 7;25(1):451. doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10309-y.
Sturgeon species are living fossils that exhibit unique reproductive characteristics, and elucidation of the molecular processes governing the formation and quality of sturgeon eggs is crucial. However, comprehensive data on the protein composition of sturgeon ovarian fluid (OF) and eggs and their functional significance are lacking. To address this knowledge gap, the aim of the present study was to conduct a comprehensive comparative proteomic analysis of Siberian sturgeon OF and eggs using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
A total of 617 proteins were identified in OF, and 565 proteins were identified in eggs. A total of 772 proteins showed differential abundance. Among the differentially abundant proteins, 365 were more abundant in OFs, while 407 were more abundant in eggs. We identified 339 proteins unique to OFs and 287 proteins specific to eggs, and further investigated the top 10 most abundant proteins in each. The functional annotation of the OF proteins highlighted their predominant association with immune system processes, including the complement and coagulation cascade, neutrophil and leukocyte-mediated immunity, cholesterol metabolism, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Analysis of egg proteins revealed enrichment in metabolic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism, and protein ubiquitination and translation. OF-specific proteins included extracellular matrix and secretory vesicles, and eggs were enriched in proteins localized to mitochondria and ribosome components.
This study presents the first comprehensive characterization of the protein composition of sturgeon OF and eggs and elucidates their distinct functional roles. These findings advance our understanding of sturgeon reproduction, OF-egg signaling and the origin of OF proteins. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange Consortium with the dataset identifier PXD044168 to ensure accessibility for further research.
鲟鱼是活化石，具有独特的生殖特征，阐明调控鲟鱼卵子形成和质量的分子过程至关重要。然而，关于鲟鱼卵巢液（OF）和卵子的蛋白质组成及其功能意义的综合数据仍然缺乏。为了填补这一知识空白，本研究旨在使用液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS/MS）对西伯利亚鲟的 OF 和卵子进行全面的比较蛋白质组学分析。
在 OF 中鉴定出 617 种蛋白质，在卵子中鉴定出 565 种蛋白质。共有 772 种蛋白质表现出差异丰度。在差异丰度蛋白中，365 种在 OF 中更为丰富，而 407 种在卵子中更为丰富。我们鉴定出 339 种 OF 特有的蛋白质和 287 种卵子特有的蛋白质，并进一步研究了每种蛋白质中最丰富的前 10 种。OF 蛋白的功能注释强调了它们与免疫系统过程的主要关联，包括补体和凝血级联、中性粒细胞和白细胞介导的免疫、胆固醇代谢以及肌动蛋白细胞骨架的调节。对卵子蛋白的分析揭示了氧化磷酸化和脂肪酸代谢等代谢途径的富集，以及蛋白质泛素化和翻译。OF 特异性蛋白包括细胞外基质和分泌小泡，而卵子富含定位于线粒体和核糖体成分的蛋白。
本研究首次全面描述了鲟鱼 OF 和卵子的蛋白质组成，并阐明了它们的独特功能作用。这些发现促进了我们对鲟鱼生殖、OF-卵子信号传递以及 OF 蛋白起源的理解。这项研究的质谱蛋白质组学数据已被保存在 ProteomeXchange 联盟的 PXD044168 数据集中，以确保可用于进一步的研究。
