Mamoori Yaseen I, Ahmed Ibrahim A, Mahmood Ayhan R, Al-Waysi Safaa A
Department of Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad 10072, Iraq.
Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad 10072, Iraq.
Int J Microbiol. 2024 Apr 29;2024:6826495. doi: 10.1155/2024/6826495. eCollection 2024.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes liver diseases (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma) and is a leading health problem worldwide. Sequencing of the whole HBV genome provides insight into the virus genotype, subgenotype, serotype, genetic variation, and viral drug resistance. To date, no study has been conducted on the whole genome sequence of HBV obtained from Iraqi patients. Therefore, this is the first study to sequence clinical samples from these patients. Viral genomic DNA was isolated and amplified using five primer sets to amplify five overlapping regions covering the entire HBV genome. The amplicons were sequenced, aligned to a reference sequence, annotated, and submitted to the National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank database. Sequence analysis showed that the genome size of the tested viral samples was 3,182 bp and belonged to genotype D, subgenotype D1, and serotype ayw2. Missense mutations were found in the four regions (X, PreS1-S, PreC-C, and P) of the tested samples, leading to amino acid substitutions, which were 8.4%, 5.1%, 4.7%, and 4.6%, respectively. These mutations may cause severe liver diseases.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）可引发肝脏疾病（慢性肝炎、肝硬化和肝细胞癌），是全球主要的健康问题。对HBV全基因组进行测序有助于深入了解病毒的基因型、亚基因型、血清型、基因变异及病毒耐药性。迄今为止，尚未对来自伊拉克患者的HBV全基因组序列进行研究。因此，本研究首次对这些患者的临床样本进行测序。使用五组引物分离并扩增病毒基因组DNA，以扩增覆盖整个HBV基因组的五个重叠区域。对扩增子进行测序、与参考序列比对、注释，并提交至美国国立生物技术信息中心基因库数据库。序列分析表明，所检测病毒样本的基因组大小为3182 bp，属于D基因型、D1亚基因型和ayw2血清型。在所检测样本的四个区域（X、PreS1-S、PreC-C和P）中发现了错义突变，导致氨基酸替换，其比例分别为8.4%、5.1%、4.7%和4.6%。这些突变可能会引发严重的肝脏疾病。
