Biodynamics Research Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, School of Health Professions, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Mobility Core, University of Kansas Center for Community Access, Rehabilitation Research, Education and Service, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Gait Posture. 2024 Jul;112:16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.04.028. Epub 2024 Apr 26.
Implementation of the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) under the rambling-trembling (RM-TR) framework allows for an examination of both individual sensory contributions and compensatory mechanisms, a valuable insight in research and clinical settings. Such investigation could substantially improve our ability to assess and treat fall risk in older adults and people living with neurological disorders.
How are RM and TR components of sway influenced by SOT-induced challenges in healthy adults?
Twenty-three healthy adults (27.4±8 years; 10 male) volunteered to participate in this cross-sectional study. Each participant completed a VR-based SOT program, which included six conditions with varied visual environments (normal, blacked-out, conflict) and support surfaces (stable, unstable foam), while a force plate captured forces at the plantar surface. Center of pressure (COP) was calculated and decomposed into RM-TR components. For each time series, range, root-mean-square (RMS) and sample entropy (SampEn) were extracted. Individual contributions of somatosensation, vision, and vestibular sense, as well as the preference ratio, were calculated. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to compare the effects of time series type (COP, RM, TR) and SOT condition. Paired t-tests were used to assess the difference in preference ratio between RM and TR components.
TR sway behavior was impacted significantly by the sensory challenges induced by the SOT procedure, while RM was largely unaffected. Such findings are characteristic of healthy individuals, capable of competently re-weighting sensory input, but still facing challenge-based adaptations. Additionally, the mediolateral SampEn preference ratio was higher in TR compared to RM, indicating potential differences in compensation strategies between supraspinal and spinal/peripheral control mechanisms. These findings serve as a foundation for future RM-TR analyses using SOT procedures, aiding in our ability to implement targeted diagnostic and treatment methods, ultimately reducing the incidence of falls in aging and individuals with neurological conditions.
在漫游颤抖（RM-TR）框架下实施感觉组织测试（SOT）可以同时检查个体感觉贡献和代偿机制，这在研究和临床环境中具有重要价值。这种研究可以极大地提高我们评估和治疗老年人和患有神经障碍人群跌倒风险的能力。
健康成年人的摇摆 RM 和 TR 成分如何受到 SOT 引起的挑战的影响？
23 名健康成年人（27.4±8 岁；10 名男性）自愿参加这项横断面研究。每位参与者完成了一个基于虚拟现实的 SOT 程序，其中包括六个具有不同视觉环境（正常、黑屏、冲突）和支撑表面（稳定、不稳定泡沫）的条件，同时力板捕捉足底表面的力。计算并分解了中心点压力（COP），分为 RM-TR 成分。对于每个时间序列，提取范围、均方根（RMS）和样本熵（SampEn）。计算了躯体感觉、视觉和前庭感觉的个体贡献以及偏好比。使用重复测量方差分析比较时间序列类型（COP、RM、TR）和 SOT 条件的影响。使用配对 t 检验评估 RM 和 TR 成分之间偏好比的差异。
TR 摇摆行为受到 SOT 程序引起的感觉挑战的显著影响，而 RM 则基本不受影响。这些发现是健康个体的特征，他们能够胜任地重新加权感觉输入，但仍面临基于挑战的适应。此外，TR 中的横侧向 SampEn 偏好比高于 RM，表明在中枢和周围控制机制之间可能存在补偿策略的差异。这些发现为未来使用 SOT 程序进行 RM-TR 分析奠定了基础，有助于我们实施有针对性的诊断和治疗方法，最终降低衰老和神经障碍人群跌倒的发生率。
