Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 May 9;24(1):386. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05056-x.
Potato serves as a major non-cereal food crop and income source for small-scale growers in Punjab, Pakistan. Unfortunately, improper fertilization practices have led to low crop yields, worsened by challenging environmental conditions and poor groundwater quality in the Cholistan region. To address this, we conducted an experiment to assess the impact of two fertilizer application approaches on potato cv. Barna using plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) coated biofertilizers. The first approach, termed conventional fertilizer application (CFA), involved four split applications of PGPB-coated fertilizers at a rate of 100:75 kg acre (N and P). The second, modified fertilizer application (MFA), employed nine split applications at a rate of 80:40 kg acre.
The MFA approach significantly improved various plant attributes compared to the CFA. This included increased plant height (28%), stem number (45%), leaf count (46%), leaf area index (36%), leaf thickness (three-folds), chlorophyll content (53%), quantum yield of photosystem II (45%), photosynthetically active radiations (56%), electrochromic shift (5.6%), proton flux (24.6%), proton conductivity (71%), linear electron flow (72%), photosynthetic rate (35%), water use efficiency (76%), and substomatal CO (two-folds), and lowered non-photochemical quenching (56%), non-regulatory energy dissipation (33%), transpiration rate (59%), and stomatal conductance (70%). Additionally, the MFA approach resulted in higher tuber production per plant (21%), average tuber weight (21.9%), tuber diameter (24.5%), total tuber yield (29.1%), marketable yield (22.7%), seed-grade yield (9%), specific gravity (9.6%), and soluble solids (7.1%). It also reduced undesirable factors like goli and downgrade yields by 57.6% and 98.8%, respectively. Furthermore, plants under the MFA approach exhibited enhanced nitrogen (27.8%) and phosphorus uptake (40.6%), with improved N (26.1%) and P uptake efficiency (43.7%) compared to the CFA approach.
The use of PGPB-coated N and P fertilizers with a higher number of splits at a lower rate significantly boosts potato production in the alkaline sandy soils of Cholistan.
马铃薯是旁遮普省小规模种植者的主要非谷类粮食作物和收入来源。不幸的是，由于施肥不当，加上乔利斯坦地区的环境条件恶劣和地下水水质较差，导致作物产量低下。为了解决这个问题，我们进行了一项实验，评估了使用植物生长促进细菌（PGPB）包衣生物肥料对马铃薯 cv. Barna 的两种施肥方法的影响。第一种方法称为常规施肥（CFA），涉及以 100:75kg/英亩（N 和 P）的比例分四次施用 PGPB 包衣肥料。第二种方法是改良施肥（MFA），以 80:40kg/英亩的比例分九次施用。
与 CFA 相比，MFA 方法显著改善了各种植物属性。这包括增加了株高（28%）、茎数（45%）、叶数（46%）、叶面积指数（36%）、叶片厚度（三倍）、叶绿素含量（53%）、光系统 II 的量子产量（45%）、光合作用有效辐射（56%）、电致变色位移（5.6%）、质子通量（24.6%）、质子电导率（71%）、线性电子流（72%）、光合速率（35%）、水分利用效率（76%）和亚细胞 CO（两倍），同时降低了非光化学猝灭（56%）、非调节能量耗散（33%）、蒸腾速率（59%）和气孔导度（70%）。此外，MFA 方法还使每株植物的块茎产量增加（21%）、平均块茎重量（21.9%）、块茎直径（24.5%）、总块茎产量（29.1%）、商品产量（22.7%）、种子级产量（9%）、比重（9.6%）和可溶性固形物（7.1%）。它还降低了不理想的因素，如 goli 和降级产量分别减少了 57.6%和 98.8%。此外，与 CFA 方法相比，MFA 方法下的植物表现出更高的氮（27.8%）和磷吸收（40.6%），并提高了氮（26.1%）和磷吸收效率（43.7%）。
在乔利斯坦的碱性沙质土壤中，使用 PGPB 包衣 N 和 P 肥料，并增加施肥次数和降低施肥比例，可显著提高马铃薯的产量。
