Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Egypt Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2024 May 9;24(1):62. doi: 10.1186/s12902-024-01596-3.
This study aimed to assess the anthropometric measures and pubertal growth of children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to detect risk determinants affecting these measures and their link to glycemic control.
Two hundred children and adolescents were assessed using anthropometric measurements. Those with short stature were further evaluated using insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), bone age, and thyroid profile, while those with delayed puberty were evaluated using sex hormones and pituitary gonadotropins assay.
We found that 12.5% of our patients were short (height SDS < -2) and IGF-1 was less than -2 SD in 72% of them. Patients with short stature had earlier age of onset of diabetes, longer duration of diabetes, higher HbA1C and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio compared to those with normal stature (p < 0.05). Additionally, patients with delayed puberty had higher HbA1c and dyslipidemia compared to those with normal puberty (p < 0.05). The regression analysis revealed that factors associated with short stature were; age at diagnosis, HbA1C > 8.2, and albumin/creatinine ratio > 8 (p < 0.05).
Children with uncontrolled T1DM are at risk of short stature and delayed puberty. Diabetes duration and control seem to be independent risk factors for short stature.
本研究旨在评估 1 型糖尿病（T1DM）患儿和青少年的人体测量指标和青春期生长情况，并发现影响这些指标的风险决定因素及其与血糖控制的关系。
对 200 名儿童和青少年进行人体测量评估。对身材矮小者进一步进行胰岛素样生长因子 1（IGF-1）、骨龄和甲状腺功能检查，对青春期延迟者进行性激素和垂体促性腺激素检测。
我们发现，12.5%的患者身材矮小（身高 SDS<-2），其中 72%的 IGF-1 低于-2SD。与身材正常者相比，矮小患者的糖尿病发病年龄更早，糖尿病病程更长，HbA1c 和尿白蛋白/肌酐比值更高（p<0.05）。此外，与青春期正常者相比，青春期延迟者的 HbA1c 和血脂异常更高（p<0.05）。回归分析显示，与身材矮小相关的因素有：诊断时年龄、HbA1C>8.2 和白蛋白/肌酐比值>8（p<0.05）。
未得到良好控制的 T1DM 患儿存在身材矮小和青春期延迟的风险。糖尿病病程和控制似乎是身材矮小的独立危险因素。
