Zamora Tatiana I, Padilla Amado M
Graduate School of Education, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2024 Apr 25;15:1307624. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1307624. eCollection 2024.
Ethnic-racial identity (ERI) development refers to how individuals' experiences, beliefs, and attitudes influence understanding of ethnic-racial group membership. Messages about race, from multiple ecosystems, influence identity development and how individuals come to form their ERI. There has been a shift in ERI research to focus on Multiracial populations, however, most of the research focus is on Black/white biracial and general, non-specified Multiracial populations. The ERI development process and experience for persons of other Multiracial backgrounds (e.g., AfroLatinx or AsianBlack) is not as extensively studied. This systematic literature review aims to elucidate the existing conceptualization of Multiracial ERI development for non-Black/white biracial and general Multiracial populations in the United States.
A comprehensive search strategy was employed across multiple academic databases to identify relevant studies based on explicit inclusion criteria. The initial search resulted in 1,846 articles, but when only Black/white biracial and non-specified general Multiracial studies were eliminated from this review, only 18 articles met the criteria for inclusion.
Common themes emerged from the reviewed literature, including the importance of spaces, conflicting social messages directed at Multiracial individuals, and coping responses used by Multiracial individuals when faced with challenges by family members and peers regarding their multiracial identity.
The findings underscore the need for a more nuanced exploration of ERI development among diverse Multiracial populations. Understanding the unique strengths, experiences, and challenges of different Multiracial populations beyond the Black-white biracial paradigm is essential for understanding ERI development across and between different Multiracial populations in today's world.
族裔 - 种族认同（ERI）发展指个体的经历、信仰和态度如何影响对族裔 - 种族群体成员身份的理解。来自多个生态系统的关于种族的信息会影响身份发展以及个体如何形成他们的族裔 - 种族认同。族裔 - 种族认同研究已转向关注多族裔人群，然而，大多数研究集中在黑/白混血以及一般的、未明确说明的多族裔人群。对于其他多族裔背景的人（例如非裔拉丁裔或亚裔黑人）的族裔 - 种族认同发展过程和经历的研究并不广泛。本系统文献综述旨在阐明美国非黑/白混血和一般多族裔人群的多族裔族裔 - 种族认同发展的现有概念。
采用全面的检索策略在多个学术数据库中进行检索，以根据明确的纳入标准识别相关研究。初步检索得到1846篇文章，但当仅从本次综述中排除黑/白混血和未明确说明的一般多族裔研究时，只有18篇文章符合纳入标准。
综述文献中出现了一些共同主题，包括空间的重要性、针对多族裔个体的相互冲突的社会信息，以及多族裔个体在面对家庭成员和同龄人对其多族裔身份提出的挑战时所采用的应对方式。
研究结果强调需要对不同多族裔人群的族裔 - 种族认同发展进行更细致入微的探索。理解超越黑 - 白混血模式的不同多族裔人群的独特优势、经历和挑战，对于理解当今世界不同多族裔人群内部和之间的族裔 - 种族认同发展至关重要。
