Reza Arif, Chen Lide, Mao Xinwei
Department of Soil and Water Systems, Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, 315 Falls Avenue, Twin Falls, ID, 83303-1827, USA.
New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, 11794-5000, USA.
Heliyon. 2024 Apr 24;10(9):e30326. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30326. eCollection 2024 May 15.
With increasing demand for meat and dairy products, the volume of wastewater generated from the livestock industry has become a significant environmental concern. The treatment of livestock wastewater (LWW) is a challenging process that involves removing nutrients, organic matter, pathogens, and other pollutants from livestock manure and urine. In response to this challenge, researchers have developed and investigated different biological, physical, and chemical treatment technologies that perform better upon optimization. Optimization of LWW handling processes can help improve the efficacy and sustainability of treatment systems as well as minimize environmental impacts and associated costs. Response surface methodology (RSM) as an optimization approach can effectively optimize operational parameters that affect process performance. This review article summarizes the main steps of RSM, recent applications of RSM in LWW treatment, highlights the advantages and limitations of this technique, and provides recommendations for future research and practice, including its cost-effectiveness, accuracy, and ability to improve treatment efficiency.
随着对肉类和奶制品需求的增加，畜牧业产生的废水量已成为一个重大的环境问题。畜禽废水（LWW）处理是一个具有挑战性的过程，涉及从畜禽粪便和尿液中去除营养物质、有机物、病原体和其他污染物。为应对这一挑战，研究人员开发并研究了不同的生物、物理和化学处理技术，这些技术在优化后表现更佳。优化LWW处理工艺有助于提高处理系统的效率和可持续性，同时将环境影响和相关成本降至最低。响应面法（RSM）作为一种优化方法，可以有效地优化影响工艺性能的操作参数。本文综述总结了RSM的主要步骤、RSM在LWW处理中的最新应用，强调了该技术的优点和局限性，并为未来的研究和实践提供了建议，包括其成本效益、准确性和提高处理效率的能力。
