Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
Division of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2024 May 3;16(9):1388. doi: 10.3390/nu16091388.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most prevalent pediatric liver disorder, primarily attributed to dietary shifts in recent years. NAFLD is characterized by the accumulation of lipid species in hepatocytes, leading to liver inflammation that can progress to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Risk factors contributing to NAFLD encompass genetic variations and metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance. Moreover, transgenerational influences, resulting in an imbalance of gut microbial composition, epigenetic modifications, and dysregulated hepatic immune responses in offspring, play a pivotal role in pediatric NAFLD development. Maternal nutrition shapes the profile of microbiota-derived metabolites in offspring, exerting significant influence on immune system regulation and the development of metabolic syndrome in offspring. In this review, we summarize recent evidence elucidating the intricate interplay between gut microbiota, epigenetics, and immunity in fetuses exposed to maternal nutrition, and its impact on the onset of NAFLD in offspring. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies targeting this network are also discussed.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）已成为最常见的儿科肝脏疾病，主要归因于近年来饮食的转变。NAFLD 的特征是肝细胞内脂质物质的积累，导致肝脏炎症，进而发展为脂肪性肝炎、纤维化和肝硬化。导致 NAFLD 的危险因素包括遗传变异和代谢紊乱，如肥胖、糖尿病和胰岛素抵抗。此外，代际影响，导致肠道微生物组成失衡、表观遗传修饰和肝免疫反应失调，在儿童 NAFLD 的发展中起着关键作用。母体营养塑造了后代中微生物衍生代谢物的特征，对免疫系统的调节和后代代谢综合征的发展有重要影响。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近的证据，阐明了暴露于母体营养的胎儿中肠道微生物群、表观遗传学和免疫之间的复杂相互作用，以及其对后代 NAFLD 发病的影响。此外，还讨论了针对该网络的潜在治疗策略。
