Martino Chiara, Badalamenti Rosario, Frinchi Monica, Chiarelli Roberto, Palumbo Piccionello Antonio, Urone Giulia, Mauro Manuela, Arizza Vincenzo, Luparello Claudio, Di Liberto Valentina, Mudò Giuseppa, Vazzana Mirella
Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133, Palermo, Italy.
Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
Chemosphere. 2024 Jul;359:142278. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142278. Epub 2024 May 9.
Different bioactive molecules extracted from macroalgae, including oxylipins, showed interesting potentials in different applications, from healthcare to biomaterial manufacturing and environmental remediation. Thus far, no studies reported the effects of oxylipins-containing macroalgae extracts on embryo development of marine invertebrates and on neuroblastoma cancer cells. Here, the effects of an oxylipins-containing extract from Ericaria brachycarpa, a canopy-forming brown algae, were investigated on the development of Arbacia lixula sea urchin embryos and on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells viability. Embryos and cells were exposed to concentrations covering a full 0-100% dose-response curve, with doses ranging from 0 to 40 μg mL for embryos and from 0 to 200 μg mL for cells. These natural marine toxins caused a dose-dependent decrease of normal embryos development and of neuroblastoma cells viability. Toxicity was higher for exposures starting from the gastrula embryonal stage if compared to the zygote and pluteus stages, with an EC significantly lower by 33 and 68%, respectively. Embryos exposed to low doses showed a general delay in development with a decrease in the ability to calcify, while higher doses caused 100% block of embryo growth. Exposure of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to 40 μg mL for 72 h caused 78% mortality, while no effect was observed on their neuronal-like cells derivatives, suggesting a selective targeting of proliferating cells. Western Blot experiments on both model systems displayed the modulation of different molecular markers (HSP60, HSP90, LC3, p62, CHOP and cleaved caspase-7), showing altered stress response and enhanced autophagy and apoptosis, confirmed by increased fragmented DNA in apoptotic nuclei. Our study gives new insights into the molecular strategies that marine invertebrates use when responding to their environmental natural toxins and suggests the E. brachycarpa's extract as a potential source for the development of innovative, environmentally friendly products with larvicide and antineoplastic activity.
从大型藻类中提取的不同生物活性分子，包括氧化脂质，在从医疗保健到生物材料制造和环境修复等不同应用中显示出有趣的潜力。到目前为止，尚无研究报道含氧化脂质的大型藻类提取物对海洋无脊椎动物胚胎发育和神经母细胞瘤癌细胞的影响。在此，研究了一种来自形成冠层的褐藻短果艾氏藻的含氧化脂质提取物对紫球海胆胚胎发育和SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞活力的影响。胚胎和细胞暴露于覆盖完整0-100%剂量反应曲线的浓度下，胚胎的剂量范围为0至40μg/mL，细胞的剂量范围为0至200μg/mL。这些天然海洋毒素导致正常胚胎发育和神经母细胞瘤细胞活力呈剂量依赖性下降。与合子和长腕幼虫阶段相比，从原肠胚胚胎阶段开始暴露时毒性更高，其半数有效浓度（EC）分别显著降低33%和68%。暴露于低剂量的胚胎显示出发育普遍延迟，钙化能力下降，而高剂量导致胚胎生长100%受阻。将SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞暴露于40μg/mL 72小时导致78%的死亡率，而对其神经元样细胞衍生物未观察到影响，这表明对增殖细胞具有选择性靶向作用。在两个模型系统上进行的蛋白质印迹实验显示了不同分子标志物（HSP60、HSP90、LC3、p62、CHOP和裂解的半胱天冬酶-7）的调节，表明应激反应改变、自噬和凋亡增强，凋亡细胞核中碎片化DNA增加证实了这一点。我们的研究为海洋无脊椎动物应对环境天然毒素时使用的分子策略提供了新的见解，并表明短果艾氏藻提取物作为开发具有杀幼虫和抗肿瘤活性的创新环保产品的潜在来源。
