The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2024 Jun;211:108665. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108665. Epub 2024 Apr 30.
Budding mutations are known to cause metabolic changes in new jujube varieties; however, the mechanisms underlying these changes are still unclear. Here, we performed muti-omics analysis to decipher the detailed metabolic landscape of "Saimisu 1" (S1) and its budding mutation line "Saimisu 2" (S2) at all fruit stages. We found that the genes involved in the biosyntheses of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, and amino acids were upregulated in S2 fruits at all stages, especially PAL and DFR, resulting in increased accumulation of related compounds in S2 mature fruits. Further co-expression regulatory network analysis showed that the transcription factors MYB41 and bHLH93 potentially regulated the expression of PAL and DFR, respectively, by directly binding to their promoters. Moreover, the overexpression of MYB41 or bHLH93 induced their expression levels to redirect the flux of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, eventually leading to high levels of related compounds in S2 fruits. Overall, this study revealed the metabolic variations between S1 and S2 and contributed to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying budding mutation-mediated metabolic variations in plants, eventually providing the basis for breeding excellent jujube varieties using budding mutation lines.
萌芽突变已知会引起新的枣品种的代谢变化；然而，这些变化的机制仍不清楚。在这里，我们进行了多组学分析，以破译“Saimisu1”（S1）及其萌芽突变体“Saimisu2”（S2）在所有果实阶段的详细代谢景观。我们发现，在 S2 果实的所有阶段，参与类黄酮、苯丙烷类和氨基酸生物合成的基因上调，尤其是 PAL 和 DFR，导致 S2 成熟果实中相关化合物的积累增加。进一步的共表达调控网络分析表明，转录因子 MYB41 和 bHLH93 可能分别通过直接结合它们的启动子来调节 PAL 和 DFR 的表达。此外，MYB41 或 bHLH93 的过表达诱导它们的表达水平重新引导类黄酮生物合成途径的通量，最终导致 S2 果实中相关化合物的高水平。总的来说，这项研究揭示了 S1 和 S2 之间的代谢差异，并有助于理解萌芽突变介导的植物代谢变化的机制，最终为利用萌芽突变体培育优良的枣品种提供了基础。
