Gupta Pramendra Prasad, Bhandari Rabin, Bhandari Rupak, Sarraf Deependra P, Malla Gyanendra
Department of General Practice and Emergency Medicine, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Mar;13(3):1037-1041. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1470_23. Epub 2024 Apr 4.
Snake bite is one of the most common animal bites in Nepal. Different species of snake cause different clinical presentations. The incidence of snakebite is very high in rural Nepal. The objectives were to assess the presenting pattern, demographic profile, outcome, and treatment profiles of snakebite victims admitted to the emergency ward.
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients who presented in emergency department with alleged history of snake bites from 2015 to 2016. The patient's record files were reviewed and the relevant data were recorded on a self-designed proforma. Descriptive statistics were calculated using SPSS version 11.5.
Out of 137 snakebite victims, 73 (53.3%) were female. The mean age was 35.17 ± 18.27 years. The upper limb (59%) was the most common site for snake bites followed by the lower limb (35.1%). Fifty patients (36.2%) were bitten by snakes during night (20.00-2.59 AM). Twenty-eight (20.4%) patients presented with ptosis as the most common sign and symptom followed by diplopia (15.3%). Out of 137 patients, 39 (28.5%) were admitted, 65 (47.4%) discharged, and 12 (8.8%) patients expired. Antisnake venom was given to 30 patients among which 23 patients (76.7%) were improved.
Snake bite is one of the major problems in rural Nepal. It can be easily managed if treatment is given properly and in a timely manner. The importance of effective first aid management and effective treatment have to be disseminated among the peoples in rural areas via social media and radio.
蛇咬伤是尼泊尔最常见的动物咬伤之一。不同种类的蛇会导致不同的临床表现。尼泊尔农村地区蛇咬伤的发生率非常高。本研究的目的是评估入住急诊病房的蛇咬伤患者的临床表现模式、人口统计学特征、结局及治疗情况。
对2015年至2016年因疑似蛇咬伤而到急诊科就诊的患者进行了一项回顾性横断面研究。查阅患者的病历档案，并将相关数据记录在自行设计的表格上。使用SPSS 11.5版软件进行描述性统计分析。
在137名蛇咬伤患者中，73名（53.3%）为女性。平均年龄为35.17±18.27岁。上肢（59%）是蛇咬伤最常见的部位，其次是下肢（35.1%）。50名患者（36.2%）在夜间（晚上8点至凌晨2点59分）被蛇咬伤。28名患者（20.4%）以眼睑下垂为最常见的症状和体征，其次是复视（15.3%）。137名患者中，39名（28.5%）住院，65名（47.4%）出院，12名（8.8%）患者死亡。30名患者接受了抗蛇毒血清治疗，其中23名患者（76.7%）病情好转。
蛇咬伤是尼泊尔农村地区的主要问题之一。如果治疗得当且及时，病情很容易得到控制。必须通过社交媒体和广播向农村地区的人们传播有效的急救管理和有效治疗的重要性。
