B R Halesha, L Harshavardhan, A J Lokesh, P K Channaveerappa, K B Venkatesh
Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2013 Jan;7(1):122-6. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2012/4842.2685. Epub 2012 Sep 14.
Snake bite is a common medical emergency and an occupational hazard, more so in tropical India, where farming is a major source of employment. The available data on the epidemiology of snake bite from the Indian subcontinent are sparse. Snake bite is a neglected disease that afflicts the most impoverished inhabitants of the rural areas in the tropical developing countries.
This study was carried out to describe the epidemiology, arrival delays, clinical features, complications, and the outcome of snakebites which were seen in a tertiary care hospital of southern India.
Sri Chamarajendra District Hospital which is attached to the Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan, Karnataka, India.
A record-based, retrospective, descriptive study.
One hundred eighty patients of snake bite were studied from January 2010 to December 2011. The data on the demographic factors, clinical features and complications, details of the treatment which was received and the outcome of the snake bite victims were recorded and analyzed.
Among a total 180 cases of snake bite, there were 108 cases of viper bite which presented with haematotoxic manifestations and 74 elapid bites had neuroparalytic manifestations. The victims were predominantly males (60.5%) and they were aged 20-40 years. A majority of the victims are from the rural areas (81.1%) and most of the bites occurred during the day time (70.5%), mainly on the lower limbs (67.2%). The highest number of cases occurred during July- September. Most of the victims were farmers (54.4%) and plantation workers (30.5%), which suggested that snake bite was an occupational hazard. A reaction to the ASV was noted in 12.7% of the patients and the mortality rate in our study was 3.8%.
In the tropics, snake bite is a rural and an occupational hazard among farmers, plantation workers, herders and hunters. Regular public health programmes regarding the prevention, pre -hospital management (first aid) and the importance of the early transfer to the hospital should be emphasized.
蛇咬伤是一种常见的医疗急症和职业危害，在热带印度更为常见，那里农业是主要的就业来源。来自印度次大陆的蛇咬伤流行病学现有数据稀少。蛇咬伤是一种被忽视的疾病，折磨着热带发展中国家农村地区最贫困的居民。
本研究旨在描述在印度南部一家三级护理医院所见蛇咬伤的流行病学、到达延迟、临床特征、并发症及结局。
印度卡纳塔克邦哈桑市哈桑医学科学研究所附属的斯里·查马拉金德拉区医院。
基于记录的回顾性描述性研究。
对2010年1月至2011年12月期间的180例蛇咬伤患者进行研究。记录并分析了人口统计学因素、临床特征和并发症、所接受治疗的细节以及蛇咬伤受害者的结局。
在总共180例蛇咬伤病例中，有108例蝰蛇咬伤表现出血液毒性表现，74例眼镜蛇咬伤有神经麻痹表现。受害者以男性为主（60.5%），年龄在20 - 40岁。大多数受害者来自农村地区（81.1%），大多数咬伤发生在白天（70.5%），主要在下肢（67.2%）。病例数最多的发生在7月至9月。大多数受害者是农民（54.4%）和种植园工人（30.5%），这表明蛇咬伤是一种职业危害。12.7%的患者对抗蛇毒血清有反应，本研究中的死亡率为3.8%。
在热带地区，蛇咬伤是农民、种植园工人、牧民和猎人面临的一种农村及职业危害。应强调关于预防、院前管理（急救）以及早期转送至医院的重要性的常规公共卫生项目。
